SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Rodeo</title>

</head>

Rodeo

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="Rodeo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Rodeo (disambiguation)">Rodeo (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">Rodeo</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Bucking horse at the <a href="Calgary_Stampede" title="Calgary Stampede">Calgary Stampede</a> in 2002</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Highest <a href="Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">governing body</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="Professional_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association" title="Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association">Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">First played</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1869</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Characteristics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Team members</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="Mixed-sex_sports" title="Mixed-sex sports">Mixed-sex</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Indoor or Outdoor</td></tr></tbody></table>

Rodeo (/ˈroʊdioʊ, rəˈdeɪoʊ/) is a competitive <a href="Equestrian_sport" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian sport">equestrian sport</a> that arose out of the working practices of cattle herding in Spain and Mexico, expanding throughout the Americas and to other nations. It was originally based on the skills required of the working <a href="Vaquero" title="Vaquero">vaqueros</a> and, later, <a href="Cowboy" title="Cowboy">cowboys</a> in what today is the western United States, western Canada, and northern Mexico. Today, it is a sporting event that involves <a href="Horse" title="Horse">horses</a> and other <a href="Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a>, designed to test the skill and speed of the cowboys and <a href="Cowboy#Cowgirls" title="Cowboy">cowgirls</a>.

Professional rodeos generally comprise the following events: <a href="Calf_roping" title="Calf roping">tie-down roping</a>, <a href="Team_roping" title="Team roping">team roping</a>, <a href="Steer_wrestling" title="Steer wrestling">steer wrestling</a>, <a href="Bronc_riding" title="Bronc riding">saddle bronc riding</a>, <a href="Bronc_riding" title="Bronc riding">bareback bronc riding</a>, <a href="Bull_riding" title="Bull riding">bull riding</a>, <a href="Breakaway_roping" title="Breakaway roping">breakaway roping</a>, and <a href="Barrel_racing" title="Barrel racing">barrel racing</a>. The events are divided into two basic categories: the timed events and rough stock events. Depending on sanctioning organization and region, other events such as <a href="Goat_tying" title="Goat tying">goat tying</a> and <a href="Pole_bending" title="Pole bending">pole bending</a> may also be a part of some rodeos. The "world's first public cowboy contest" was held on July 4, 1883, in <a href="Pecos%2C_Texas" title="Pecos, Texas">Pecos, Texas</a>, between cattle driver Trav Windham and roper Morg Livingston.<a href="#cite_note-Pecos-1">[1]</a>

Rodeo, particularly popular today throughout the western United States and in the Canadian province of <a href="Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, is the official state sport of <a href="Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>, <a href="South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, and <a href="Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>. The iconic silhouette image of a "Bucking Horse and Rider" is a federal and state-registered <a href="Trademark" title="Trademark">trademark</a> of Wyoming.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The <a href="Legislative_Assembly_of_Alberta" title="Legislative Assembly of Alberta">Legislative Assembly of Alberta</a> has considered making rodeo the official sport of that province. However, enabling legislation has yet to be passed.

In the United States, professional rodeos are governed and sanctioned by the <a href="Professional_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association" title="Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association">Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association</a> (PRCA) and <a href="Women's_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Women's Professional Rodeo Association">Women's Professional Rodeo Association</a> (WPRA), while other associations govern assorted children's, high school, collegiate, and other amateur or semi-professional rodeos. Associations also exist for Native Americans and other minority groups. The traditional season for competitive rodeo runs from spring through fall, while the modern professional rodeo circuit runs longer, and concludes with the PRCA <a href="National_Finals_Rodeo" title="National Finals Rodeo">National Finals Rodeo</a> (NFR) in <a href="Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a>, held every December.

Rodeo has provoked opposition from <a href="Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">animal rights</a> and some <a href="Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">animal welfare</a> advocates, who argue that various competitions constitute <a href="Animal_cruelty" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty">animal cruelty</a>. The rodeo industry has made progress in improving the welfare of rodeo animals, with specific requirements for veterinary care and other regulations that protect rodeo animals. However, some local and state governments in North America have banned or restricted rodeos, certain rodeo events, or types of equipment. Internationally, rodeo is banned in the <a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>,<a href="#cite_note-vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca-3">[3]</a> with other European nations placing restrictions on certain practices.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div>

The American English word rodeo is taken directly from Spanish rodeo ([roˈðe.o]), which roughly translates into English as 'round up'.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The Spanish word is derived from the verb rodear, meaning 'to surround' or 'go around', used to refer to "a pen for cattle at a fair or market," derived from the <a href="Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> rota or rotare, meaning 'to rotate or go around'.<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

In <a href="Spanish_America" title="Spanish America">Spanish America</a>, the rodeo was the process that was used by vaqueros to <a href="Muster_(livestock)" title="Muster (livestock)">gather</a> cattle for various purposes, such as moving them to new pastures, separating the cattle owned by different ranchers, or gathering in preparation for slaughter (matanza). The yearly rodeos for separating the cattle were overseen by the <a href="Judges_of_the_Plains" title="Judges of the Plains">Juez del Campo</a>, who decided all questions of ownership.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The term was also used to refer to exhibitions of skills used in the working rodeo and it evolved from these yearly gatherings where festivities were held, and horsemen could demonstrate their equestrian skills. This latter usage was adopted into the cowboy tradition of the United States and Canada.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>

The term rodeo was first used in English in approximately 1834 to refer to a cattle round-up. Today, the word is used primarily to refer to a public exhibition of cowboy skills, usually in the form of a competitive event.<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="History_of_rodeo" title="History of rodeo">History of rodeo</a></div>

Many rodeo events were based on the tasks required by cattle ranching. The working <a href="Cowboy" title="Cowboy">cowboy</a> developed skills to fit the needs of the terrain and climate of the American west, and there were many regional variations. Some of the skills required to manage cattle and horses date back to the 16th-century rodeo traditions of the Vaqueros in the lands of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, present day Mexico and the American Southwest.

Early rodeo-like affairs of the 1820s and 1830s were informal events in the western United States and northern Mexico with cowboys and vaqueros testing their work skills against one another.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199817-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGroves20063-10">[10]</a> After the <a href="American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, rodeo competitions emerged, with the first held in <a href="Deer_Trail%2C_Colorado" title="Deer Trail, Colorado">Deer Trail, Colorado</a>, in 1869.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <a href="Prescott%2C_Arizona" title="Prescott, Arizona">Prescott, Arizona</a> north of <a href="Phoenix%2C_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a> claimed the distinction of holding the first professional rodeo, as it charged admission and awarded trophies in 1888.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199818-16">[16]</a> Between 1890 and 1910, rodeos became public entertainment; sometimes combined <a href="Wild_West_show" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild West show">Wild West shows</a> featuring individuals such as <a href="Buffalo_Bill_Cody" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo Bill Cody">Buffalo Bill Cody</a>, <a href="Annie_Oakley" title="Annie Oakley">Annie Oakley</a>, and other charismatic stars.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGroves20063-10">[10]</a> By 1910, several major rodeos were established in western North America including the <a href="Calgary_Stampede" title="Calgary Stampede">Calgary Stampede</a> in <a href="Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary, Alberta</a>; the <a href="Pendleton_Round-Up" title="Pendleton Round-Up">Pendleton Round-Up</a> in northeastern <a href="Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, and the <a href="Cheyenne_Frontier_Days" title="Cheyenne Frontier Days">Cheyenne Frontier Days</a> in <a href="Cheyenne%2C_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne, Wyoming</a>.

On July 4, 1883, in the frontier town of Pecos an argument between Trav Windham, a cattle driver, and Morg Livingston, an accomplished cattle roper, led to what the Encyclopedia Britannica refers to as the "world's first public cowboy contest" and is often referred to as the first official rodeo. The two men chose to have the competition on the flatland on west side of the Pecos River. The July 4th public holiday allowed ranchers, cowboys and townsfolk to attend. Many other ranchers and cowboys chose to take part in the event including Jim Mannin, John Chalk, and Brawley Oates, many whom traveled from distant ranches. Windham would end up winning the roping contest. Other winners include Pete Beard of Hashknife Ranch and Jeff Chism. Prize money was $40 and blue ribbons donated by a young resident.<a href="#cite_note-Pecos-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a>

Rodeo-type events also became popular for a time in the big cities of the Eastern United States, with large venues like <a href="Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a> playing a part in popularizing them for new crowds. There was no standardization of events for a rodeo competition until 1929, when associations began forming.

In the 1970s, rodeo saw unprecedented growth. Contestants referred to as "the new breed" brought rodeo increasing media attention. These contestants were young, often from an urban background, and chose rodeo for its athletic rewards. By 1985, one third of PRCA members had a college education and as many as one half of the competitors had never worked on a cattle ranch.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199832-18">[18]</a> Today, some professional rodeos are staged indoors in large, climate-controlled <a href="Arena" title="Arena">arenas</a> and many are telecast. Other professional rodeos are held outdoors.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women">Women</h3></div>

Historically, women have long participated in competitive rodeo. <a href="Prairie_Rose_Henderson" title="Prairie Rose Henderson">Prairie Rose Henderson</a> debuted at the Cheyenne rodeo in 1901, and, by 1920, women were competing in <a href="Roughstock" class="mw-redirect" title="Roughstock">rough stock</a> events, relay races and trick riding. But after Bonnie McCarroll died in the Pendleton Round-Up in 1929 and Marie Gibson died in a horse wreck in 1933, women's competitive participation was curbed.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Rodeo women organized into various associations and staged their own rodeos. Today, women's barrel racing is included as a competitive event in professional rodeo, with breakaway roping and goat tying added at collegiate and lower levels. They compete equally with men in team roping, sometimes in mixed-sex teams. Women also compete in traditional roping and rough stock events at women-only rodeos.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competitive_events">Competitive events</h2></div>

Professional rodeos in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Australia, and New Zealand usually incorporate both timed events and rough stock events, most commonly <a href="Calf_roping" title="Calf roping">tie-down roping</a>, <a href="Team_roping" title="Team roping">team roping</a>, <a href="Steer_wrestling" title="Steer wrestling">steer wrestling</a>, <a href="Saddle_bronc_and_bareback_riding" class="mw-redirect" title="Saddle bronc and bareback riding">saddle bronc and bareback bronc riding</a>, <a href="Bull_riding" title="Bull riding">bull riding</a>, <a href="Breakaway_roping" title="Breakaway roping">breakaway roping</a>, and <a href="Barrel_racing" title="Barrel racing">barrel racing</a>. Additional events may be included at the collegiate and high school level, such as <a href="Goat_tying" title="Goat tying">goat tying</a>. Some events are based on traditional ranch practices; others are modern developments and have no counterpart in ranch practice.

Rodeos may also offer western-themed entertainment at intermission, including music and novelty acts, such as trick riding.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Timed_events">Timed events</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Roping">Roping</h4></div>

Roping competitions are based on the tasks of a working cowboy, who often had to capture calves and adult cattle for branding, medical treatment and other purposes. The cowboy must throw a type of rope with a loop, known as a <a href="Lasso" title="Lasso">lariat</a>, riata or reata, or lasso, over the head of a calf or onto the horns and around the hind legs of adult cattle, and secure the animal in a fashion dictated by its size and age.

<ul><li><a href="Calf_roping" title="Calf roping">Calf roping</a>, also called tie-down roping in the United States and Canada and rope and tie in Australia and New Zealand, is based on ranch work in which calves are roped for branding, medical treatment, or other purposes. It is the oldest of rodeo's timed events.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001268–269-20">[20]</a> The cowboy ropes a running calf around the neck with a lariat, and his horse stops and sets back on the rope while the cowboy dismounts, runs to the calf, throws it to the ground and ties three feet together. (If the calf falls when roped, the cowboy must lose time waiting for the calf to get back to its feet so that the cowboy can do the work.) The job of the horse is to hold the calf steady on the rope. A well-trained calf-roping horse will slowly back up while the cowboy ties the calf, to help keep the lariat snug.</li>

<li><a href="Breakaway_roping" title="Breakaway roping">Breakaway roping</a> is a form of calf roping where a very short lariat is used, tied lightly to the saddle horn with string and a flag. When the calf is roped about the neck, the horse stops, the flagged rope breaks free of the saddle, and the calf runs on without being thrown or tied. In most of the United States, this event is primarily for women of all ages and boys under 12. In places where traditional "tie-down" calf roping is not allowed, riders of both genders compete.</li>

<li><a href="Team_roping" title="Team roping">Team roping</a>, also called heading and heeling, is the only rodeo event where men and women riders compete together. Two people capture and restrain a full-grown steer. One horse and rider, the "header," lassos a running steer's horns, while the other horse and rider, the "heeler," lassos the steer's two hind legs. Once the animal is captured, the riders face each other and lightly pull the steer between them, so that both ropes are taut. This technique originated from methods of capture and restraint for treatment used on a ranch.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_timed_events">Other timed events</h4></div>

<ul><li><a href="Barrel_racing" title="Barrel racing">Barrel racing</a> is a timed speed and agility event. In barrel racing, horse and rider gallop around a cloverleaf pattern of barrels, making agile turns without knocking the barrels over.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBroyles20064-21">[21]</a> In professional, collegiate and high school rodeo, barrel racing is an exclusively women's sport, though men and boys occasionally compete at local <a href="Gymkhana_(Equestrian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymkhana (Equestrian)">O-Mok-See</a> competition.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Steer_wrestling" title="Steer wrestling">Steer wrestling</a>, also known as bulldogging, is a rodeo event where the rider jumps off his horse onto a <a href="Corriente_cattle" class="mw-redirect" title="Corriente cattle">Corriente</a> <a href="Cattle#Terminology" title="Cattle">steer</a> and wrestles it to the ground by grabbing it by the horns. It is probably the single most physically dangerous event in rodeo for the cowboy, who runs a high risk of jumping off a running horse head first and missing the steer, or of having the thrown steer land on top of them, sometimes horns first.</li>

<li><a href="Goat_tying" title="Goat tying">Goat tying</a> is usually an event for women or pre-teen girls and boys; a goat is staked out while a mounted rider runs to the goat, dismounts, grabs the goat, throws it to the ground and ties it in the same manner as a calf. The horse must not come into contact with the goat or its tether. The event was designed to teach smaller or younger riders the basics of calf roping without requiring the more complex skill of roping the animal. This event is not part of professional rodeo competition.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Rough_stock"_competition">"Rough stock" competition</h3></div>

In spite of popular myth, most modern "broncs" are not in fact wild horses, but are more commonly spoiled riding horses or horses bred specifically as bucking stock. Rough stock events also use at least two well-trained riding horses ridden by <a href="Pickup_rider" title="Pickup rider">pickup riders</a> (either men or women), tasked with assisting fallen riders and helping successful riders get safely off the bucking animal.

<ul><li><a href="Bronc_riding" title="Bronc riding">Bronc riding</a> – there are two divisions in rodeo; bareback bronc riding, where the rider is only allowed to hang onto a <a href="Bucking_horse" title="Bucking horse">bucking horse</a> with a type of <a href="Surcingle" title="Surcingle">surcingle</a> called a <a href="Rodeo_bareback_rigging" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodeo bareback rigging">rigging</a>; and saddle bronc riding, where the rider uses a specialized western saddle without a horn (for safety) and hangs onto a heavy lead rope, called a bronc rein, which is attached to a halter on the horse.</li>

<li><a href="Bull_riding" title="Bull riding">Bull riding</a> is an event where the cowboys ride full-grown <a href="Bucking_bull" title="Bucking bull">bucking bulls</a> instead of horses. Although skills and equipment similar to those needed for bareback bronc riding are required, the event differs considerably from horse riding competition due to the danger involved. Because bulls are unpredictable and may attack a fallen rider, <a href="Rodeo_clown" title="Rodeo clown">rodeo clowns</a>, now known as "bullfighters", work during bull-riding competition to distract the bulls and help prevent injury to competitors.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Steer_riding" title="Steer riding">Steer riding</a> is a rough stock event for boys and girls where children ride steers, usually in a manner similar to bulls. Ages vary by region, as there is no national rule set for this event, but generally participants are at least eight years old and compete through about age 14. It is a training event for <a href="Bronc_riding" title="Bronc riding">bronc riding</a> and <a href="Bull_riding" title="Bull riding">bull riding</a>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Less_common_events">Less common events</h4></div>

Several other events may be scheduled on a rodeo program depending upon the rodeo's governing association.

<ul><li><a href="Steer_roping" title="Steer roping">Steer roping</a> is not listed as an official PRCA event,<a href="#cite_note-Events-22">[22]</a> and banned in several states, but quietly recognized by the PRCA in some areas. It is rarely seen in the United States today because of the tremendous risk of injury to all involved, as well as <a href="Animal_cruelty" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty">animal cruelty</a> concerns. A single roper ropes the steer around the horns, throws the rope around the steer's back hip, dallies, and rides in a ninety-degree angle to the roped steer (opposite side from the aforementioned hip). The action brings the steer's head around toward the legs in such a manner as to redirect the steer's head towards its back legs. This causes the steer to trip. Steers are too big to tie in the manner used for calves. Absent a "heeler," it is very difficult for one person to restrain a grown steer once down. However, the steer's trip causes it to be temporarily incapacitated allowing its legs to be tied in a manner akin to calf roping. The event has roots in ranch practices north of the Rio Grande, but is no longer seen at the majority of American rodeos. However, it is practiced at some rodeos in Mexico, and may also be referred to as "steer tripping."</li>

<li>Steer daubing is usually seen at lower levels of competition and is an event to help young competitors learn skills later needed for steer wrestling. A rider carrying a long stick with a paint-filled dauber at the end attempts to run up alongside a steer and place a mark of paint inside a circle that has been drawn on the side of the animal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrickland1998-23">[23]</a></li>

<li><a href="Pole_bending" title="Pole bending">Pole bending</a> is a speed and agility competition sometimes seen at local and high school rodeos. It is more commonly viewed as a <a href="Gymkhana_(Equestrian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymkhana (Equestrian)">gymkhana</a> or <a href="Gymkhana_(Equestrian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymkhana (Equestrian)">O-Mok-See</a> competition. In pole bending, the horse and rider run the length of a line of six upright poles, turn sharply and weave through the poles, turn again and weave back, then return to the start.</li>

<li><a href="Chute_dogging" title="Chute dogging">Chute dogging</a> is an event to teach pre-teen boys how to steer wrestle. The competitor enters a bucking chute with a small steer. The boy will then place his right arm around the steer's neck and left hand on top of its neck. When ready, the gate is opened and steer and contestant exit the chute. Once they cross over a designated line, the competitor will grab onto the horns of the steer (colloquially, to "hook-up" to the steer) and wrestle it to the ground.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_activities">Other activities</h3></div>

Outside of competitive events, other activities are often associated with rodeos, particularly at local levels. A typical rodeo begins with a "Grand Entry", in which mounted riders, many carrying flags, including the American flag, state flags, banners representing sponsors, and others enter the arena at a gallop, circle once, come to the center of the arena and stop while the remaining participants enter. The grand entry is used to introduce some of the competitors, officials, and sponsors. It is capped by the presentation of the American flag, usually with a rendition of "The Star-Spangled Banner," and, depending on region, other ceremonies.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> If a <a href="Rodeo_queen" title="Rodeo queen">rodeo queen</a> is crowned, the contestants or winner and runners-up may also be presented.

Variety acts, which may include musicians, trick riders or other entertainment may occur halfway through the rodeo at intermission. Some rodeos may also include novelty events, such as steer riding for preteens or <a href="Mutton_busting" title="Mutton busting">mutton busting</a> for small children. In some places, various types of novelty races or events such as <a href="Wild_cow_milking" title="Wild cow milking">wild cow milking</a> are offered for adults. Such contests often are unregulated, with a higher risk of injury to human participants and poor treatment of animals than in traditionally-sanctioned events, particularly if consumption of alcoholic beverages by participants is permitted.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governing_associations_in_the_United_States">Governing associations in the United States</h2></div>

Formal associations and detailed rules came late to rodeo. Until the mid-1930s, every rodeo was independent and selected its own events from among nearly one hundred different contests. Until World War I, there was little difference between rodeo and <a href="Charreada" class="mw-redirect" title="Charreada">charreada</a>. Athletes from the US, Mexico and Canada competed freely in all three countries. Later charreada was formalized as an amateur team sport and the international competitions ceased. It remains popular in Mexico and Hispanic communities of the U.S. today.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>

Numerous associations govern rodeo in the United States, each with slightly different rules and different events.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The oldest and largest sanctioning body of professional rodeo is the <a href="Professional_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association" title="Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association">Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association</a> (PRCA) which governs about a third of all rodeos staged in the US annually. It was originally named the Cowboys Turtle Association, later became the Rodeo Cowboys Association, and finally the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGroves20063-10">[10]</a> The PRCA crowns the World Champions at the <a href="National_Finals_Rodeo" title="National Finals Rodeo">National Finals Rodeo</a> (NFR), in Las Vegas on the UNLV campus, featuring the top fifteen money-winners in seven events.

The <a href="Professional_Bull_Riders" title="Professional Bull Riders">Professional Bull Riders</a> (PBR) is a more recent organization dedicated solely to bull riding. Rodeo gender bias was a problem for cowgirls, and in response women formed the Girls Rodeo Association in 1948 (now the Women's Professional Rodeo Association (WPRA) and held their own rodeos.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199824–25-27">[27]</a> The <a href="Women's_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Women's Professional Rodeo Association">Women's Professional Rodeo Association</a> (WPRA) is open exclusively to women. Women's barrel racing is governed by the WPRA, which holds finals for barrel racing along with the PRCA with the cowboys at the NFR.<a href="#cite_note-pbrnow.com-28">[28]</a> There are associations governing children's, teen, and college level rodeos as well as associations governing rodeo for gays, seniors, Native Americans and others.

There are also high-school rodeos, sponsored by the <a href="National_High_School_Rodeo_Association" title="National High School Rodeo Association">National High School Rodeo Association</a> (NHSRA). Many colleges, particularly <a href="Land_grant_college" class="mw-redirect" title="Land grant college">land grant colleges</a> in the west, have rodeo teams. The <a href="National_Intercollegiate_Rodeo_Association" title="National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association">National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association</a> (NIRA) is responsible for the College National Finals Rodeo (CNFR) held each June in <a href="Casper%2C_Wyoming" title="Casper, Wyoming">Casper, Wyoming</a> northwest of <a href="Laramie%2C_Wyoming" title="Laramie, Wyoming">Laramie</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Other rodeo governing bodies in the United States include American Junior Rodeo Association (AJRA) for contestants under twenty years of age; National Little Britches Rodeo Association (NLBRA), for youths ages five to eighteen; Senior Pro Rodeo (SPR), for people forty years old or over; and the <a href="International_Gay_Rodeo_Association" title="International Gay Rodeo Association">International Gay Rodeo Association</a>. Each association has its own regulations and its own method of determining champions. Athletes participate in rodeos sanctioned by their own governing body or one that has a mutual agreement with theirs and their points count for qualification to their Association Finals. Rodeo committees must pay sanctioning fees to the appropriate governing bodies, and employ the needed <a href="Stock_contractor" title="Stock contractor">stock contractors</a>, judges, announcers, bull fighters, and barrel men from their approved lists. Other nations have similar sanctioning associations.

Until recently, the most important was PRCA, which crowns the World Champions at the <a href="National_Finals_Rodeo" title="National Finals Rodeo">National Finals Rodeo</a> (NFR), held since 1985 in Las Vegas, Nevada, featuring the top fifteen money winners in seven events. The athletes who have won the most money, including NFR earnings, in each event are the World's Champions. However, since 1992, <a href="Professional_Bull_Riders" title="Professional Bull Riders">Professional Bull Riders</a> (PBR) has drawn many top bull riders, and holds its own multimillion-dollar individual-season World Finals in the <a href="Dallas-Fort_Worth_metroplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex</a> every spring and Team Series Championship in Las Vegas every autumn since 2022. Women's barrel racing is governed by the WPRA, and holds its finals along with the PRCA with the cowboys at the NFR.<a href="#cite_note-pbrnow.com-28">[28]</a>

Contemporary rodeo is a lucrative business. More than 7,500 cowboys compete for over thirty million dollars at 650 rodeos annually. Women's barrel racing, sanctioned by the WPRA, has taken place at most of these rodeos. Over 2,000 barrel racers compete for nearly four million dollars annually. Professional cowgirls also compete in bronc and bull riding, team roping and calf roping under the auspices of the PWRA, a WPRA subsidiary. However, numbers are small, about 120 members, and these competitors go largely unnoticed, with only twenty rodeos and seventy individual contests available annually. The total purse at the PWRA National Finals is $50,000.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Meanwhile, the PBR has 800 members from three continents and ten million dollars in prize money.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2></div>

The first rodeo in Canada was held in 1902 in <a href="Raymond%2C_Alberta" title="Raymond, Alberta">Raymond, Alberta</a>, when <a href="O._Raymond_Knight" class="mw-redirect" title="O. Raymond Knight">Raymond Knight</a> funded and promoted a rodeo contest for bronc riders and steer ropers called the <a href="Raymond_Stampede" title="Raymond Stampede">Raymond Stampede</a>. Knight also coined the rodeo term stampede and built rodeo's first known shotgun-style bucking chute. In 1903, Knight built Canada's first rodeo arena and grandstand and became the first rodeo producer and rodeo stock contractor.<a href="#cite_note-Raymond-32">[32]</a>

In 1912, <a href="Guy_Weadick" title="Guy Weadick">Guy Weadick</a> and several investors put up $100,000 to create what today is the <a href="Calgary_Stampede" title="Calgary Stampede">Calgary Stampede</a>. The Stampede also incorporated mythical and historical elements, including <a href="First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">Native Indians</a> in full regalia, chuckwagon races, the Mounted Police, and marching bands. From its beginning, the event has been held the second week in July, and since 1938, attendees were urged to dress for the occasion in western hats to add to the event's flavour.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a>

By 2003, it was estimated that 65 professional rodeos involving 700 members of the <a href="Canadian_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Canadian Professional Rodeo Association">Canadian Professional Rodeo Association</a> (CPRA) took place in Western Canada, along with professionals from the United States. Many Canadian contestants were part-timers who did not earn a significant living from rodeo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArmstrongBotzler2003-34">[34]</a>

Canadians made several significant contributions to the sport of rodeo. In 1916, at the Bascom Ranch in <a href="Welling%2C_Alberta" title="Welling, Alberta">Welling, Alberta</a>, southwest of

<a href="Medicine_Hat" title="Medicine Hat">Medicine Hat</a>. John W. Bascom and his sons Raymond, Mel, and Earl designed and built rodeo's first side-delivery <a href="Cattle_race" class="mw-redirect" title="Cattle race">bucking chute</a> for the <a href="Ranch_rodeo" title="Ranch rodeo">ranch rodeos</a> they were producing. In 1919, Earl and John made rodeo's first reverse-opening side-delivery bucking chute at the Bascom Ranch in <a href="Lethbridge" title="Lethbridge">Lethbridge</a> in southern <a href="Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>. The Bascom-style bucking chute is now rodeo's standard design. <a href="Earl_Bascom" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Bascom">Earl Bascom</a> also continued his innovative contributions to the sport of rodeo by designing and making rodeo's first hornless bronc saddle in 1922, rodeo's first one-hand <a href="Rodeo_bareback_rigging" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodeo bareback rigging">bareback rigging</a> in 1924, and the first high-cut rodeo <a href="Chaps" title="Chaps">chaps</a> in 1928. Earl and his brother Weldon also produced rodeo's first night rodeo held outdoors under electric lights in 1935.

The <a href="Canadian_Pro_Rodeo_Hall_of_Fame" title="Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame">Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame</a> is located in <a href="Ponoka%2C_Alberta" title="Ponoka, Alberta">Ponoka, Alberta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minority_participation_in_the_United_States_and_Canada">Minority participation in the United States and Canada</h2></div>

Native American and Hispanic cowboys compete in modern rodeos in small numbers. African Americans constitute a smaller minority of rodeo contestants, though many early rodeo champions, such as <a href="Nat_Love" title="Nat Love">Nat Love</a>, were African American. <a href="Bill_Pickett" title="Bill Pickett">Bill Pickett</a> and bronc rider Bill Stahl were both elected to the <a href="National_Cowboy_%26_Western_Heritage_Museum" title="National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum">Cowboy Hall of Fame</a>. During the 1940s and 1950s, African Americans created the Southwestern Colored Cowboys Association. Although the PRCA never formally excluded people of color, pre-1960s racism effectively kept many minority participants, particularly African Americans, out of white competitions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000390-36">[36]</a> In the 1960s, bull rider <a href="Myrtis_Dightman" title="Myrtis Dightman">Myrtis Dightman</a> vied for national honors and qualified for the National Finals Rodeo. In the 1990s, the Black World Championship Rodeo was held in New York City and other locations across the United States.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000390-36">[36]</a> <a href="Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican Americans</a> have had a long history with both rodeo and <a href="Charreada" class="mw-redirect" title="Charreada">charreada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128-37">[37]</a> In spite of its long association with southwestern culture, there has been significant assimilation and cross-acculturation  Mexican Americans are so integrated into the southwestern cowboy culture that they are not visibly distinct.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199817-9">[9]</a> Brazilians also have a long and successful history of bull riding in the United States. In 2017, 37% of the top 35 riders in the Professional Bull Riding circuit were Brazilian.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>

In 1976, the first <a href="Gay_rodeo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay rodeo">gay rodeo</a> was held in <a href="Reno%2C_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a>, as a charity fundraiser. Several regional gay rodeo organizations were formed in the following years, and, in 1985, the existing organizations formed the <a href="International_Gay_Rodeo_Association" title="International Gay Rodeo Association">International Gay Rodeo Association</a> as a national sanctioning body.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The melding of homosexuality and straight cowboy culture in gay rodeo simultaneously embraces archetypal Cowboy Code traits and contemporary gay identity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen1998170–173-40">[40]</a> Openly gay competitors stage their own rodeos because they are not welcomed in the straight circuit. "We can ride with the best of them," one person stated, "But they don't want us around."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen1998170–173-40">[40]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latin_America">Latin America</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexico">Mexico</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Charreada" class="mw-redirect" title="Charreada">Charreada</a></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Jaripeo" title="Jaripeo">Jaripeo</a></div>

The charreada is the national sport of Mexico. It is a display and contest of roping and riding with origins tracing to the cattle ranching life and culture of <a href="Colonial_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Mexico">colonial Mexico</a>. Over time, it became an event that included games, parades, foods, and contests involving humans, cattle, and horses. Following the Mexican Revolution of 1910, many rural Mexicans were displaced and took up residence in cities, where urban-based <a href="Charro" title="Charro">charros</a> and others formed associations to establish and refine the charreada.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128-37">[37]</a>

During the <a href="Chicano_Movement" title="Chicano Movement">Chicano Movement</a> of the 1970s, Mexican Americans revitalized their heritage by establishing the event in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128-37">[37]</a> The event historically enjoys greater prestige in Mexico, however, and due to animal cruelty concerns, some charreada events have been banned in the US.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128-37">[37]</a> Unlike rodeos, most charreadas do not award money to the winners as charreada is considered an amateur sport, but trophies may be distributed. Until recently, the charreada was confined to men, but a women's precision equestrian event called the escaramuza is the fourth in a total of ten events in a charreada. Unlike American rodeo, events are not timed, but judged and scored based on finesse and grace.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128-37">[37]</a>

American rodeo in Mexico had its origins in the state of <a href="Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a> in the 1930s. By the mid-to-late 20th century, the sport gained ground in other parts of the country; mainly in the northern and central regions. <a href="Federaci%C3%B3n_Mexicana_de_Rodeo" title="Federación Mexicana de Rodeo">The Federación Mexicana de Rodeo</a> (Mexican Rodeo Federation) was formed in 1992 as the leading organization of the sport in the country. The Campeonato Nacional de Rodeo (National Rodeo Championship), sanctioned by said organization and held consistently since 2000, has been held to determine the national champions in American rodeo. The annual event is held in the city of <a href="Chihuahua_City" title="Chihuahua City">Chihuahua</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colombia_and_Venezuela">Colombia and Venezuela</h3></div>

<a href="Coleo" title="Coleo">Coleo</a> is a traditional Venezuelan and Colombian sport, similar to American rodeo, where a small group of llaneros (cowboys) on horseback pursue cattle at high speeds through a narrow pathway (called a manga de coleo) in order to drop or tumble them.

Coleos are usually presented as a side attraction to a larger event, such as a religious festival. They are very popular in Venezuela and in parts of Colombia, mostly in the plains (llanos).

A coleo starts with the participants and a calf or bull (this depends on the age and stature of the competitors) locked behind a trap door. The trap door leads to a narrow earthen pathway about 100 metres long with high guard rails, open at the other end. When a judge gives a signal, the calf is set loose and starts running. A couple of seconds later, the riders are released and they race to grab the calf by its tail. The rider who accomplishes this first will increase speed, dragging the calf until it finally stumbles. The object is to accomplish that in the shortest time.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazil">Brazil</h3></div>

Brazilian rodeios can be traced to the town of <a href="Barretos" title="Barretos">Barretos</a>, where the primary economic activities involved livestock and its transport to other locations; one of the ways the cowboys entertained themselves was by riding the animals.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In 1956, the first ever <a href="Festa_do_Pe%C3%A3o_de_Boiadeiro" title="Festa do Peão de Boiadeiro">Festa do Peão de Boiadeiro</a> was created and as the years went by, this rodeo became the biggest in Brazil and in Latin America.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Barretos is the most famous rodeo in Brazil. However, rodeos are very common in inner state towns in Brazil, especially in <a href="Rio_Grande_do_Sul" title="Rio Grande do Sul">Rio Grande do Sul</a>, <a href="Mato_Grosso_do_Sul" title="Mato Grosso do Sul">Mato Grosso do Sul</a>, <a href="Paran%C3%A1_(state)" title="Paraná (state)">Parana</a> and <a href="S%C3%A3o_Paulo_state" class="mw-redirect" title="São Paulo state">São Paulo state</a>. Bull riding is a significant sport in the country; Since 2006, PBR runs a national circuit in Brazil, and Brazilian riders are a major presence on the main PBR circuit in the United States. PBR also hosts a Brazilian Finals.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Apart from PBR Brazil, there are also a number of other bull riding and rodeo organizations in the country. Brazil also has its own unique style of bronc riding, called cutiano.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Argentina">Argentina</h3></div>

In the twentieth century, rodeo's popularity increased in Argentina. <a href="Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, <a href="Rosario" title="Rosario">Rosario</a>, and other major cities hosted rodeos. In 1909, the <a href="Sociedad_Sportiva_Argentina" title="Sociedad Sportiva Argentina">Sociedad Sportiva Argentina</a> (Argentina Sports Society) announced a rodeo competition in which the winners would eventually compete in the United States against rodeo performers from other countries.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chile">Chile</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Chilean_rodeo" title="Chilean rodeo">Chilean rodeo</a></div>

Second to association football (soccer), rodeo is the most popular sport in Chile, and became the national sport of Chile on January 10, 1962, by decree number 269 of the National Council of Sports and the Chilean Olympic Committee.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a>

Chilean rodeo traces to the 16th century, beginning with gathering together lost or stray cattle in the Plaza de Armas de Santiago for branding and selection.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Rodeos began to be regulated in the 17th century and talented riders received honors and awards.

In Chilean rodeo, a team of two mounted men (called a collera) attempt to pin a calf against large cushions lining the arena (<a href="Medialuna" title="Medialuna">medialuna</a>). Points are earned for proper technique. <a href="Chilean_Horse" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean Horse">Chilean Horses</a> are employed to the exclusion of others and riders wear traditional <a href="Huaso" title="Huaso">huaso</a> garb as a requirement. The sport has become so popular that in 2004, more spectators attended rodeo events than professional <a href="Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> matches.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a>

Chilean rodeo has experienced financial woes, lack of political support and poor promotion. Unlike other Chilean sports, rodeo does not receive any of the revenue from Chiledeportes because only sports that represent Chile overseas receive funds. The Chilean Rodeo Federation has criticized the lack of governmental funding and has pointed out that rodeo reaches a part of the population that does not have access to other Chilean sports.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="El_Salvador">El Salvador</h3></div>

In El Salvador, rodeo is very popular. They are also called jaripeos and are celebrated mainly during each municipality's festivities. Traditionally, people dress up as cowboys or wear clothing related to raising cattle.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a>

The history of rodeos/jaripeos originates in <a href="Metap%C3%A1n" title="Metapán">Metapán</a> (considered the rodeo/jaripeo capital of El Salvador). Stories from neighbors indicate that the first Metapán jaripeo was held in 1937 on a property located on Las Parejas street, with a wild colt. Then came bull riding, sparking competition between the ranches of that time. After its popularity began to spread, in 1965 a group of ranchers built a coliseum. In later years, rodeo and jaripeo have spread throughout El Salvador, becoming a livestock tradition.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australia_and_the_Pacific">Australia and the Pacific</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Australian_rodeo" title="Australian rodeo">Australian rodeo</a></div>

Rodeos have long been a popular competitor and spectator sport in Australia, but were not run on an organized basis until the 1880s. The National Agricultural Society of Victoria ran one of the earliest recorded events in 1888, when a roughriding competition was held at their annual show.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartin1959-53">[53]</a> Travelling tent rodeo shows increased the popularity of roughriding throughout much of Australia.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> However, by 1930, the <a href="Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> left only a few of these traveling shows on the road.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartin1959-53">[53]</a>

Bushmen's Carnivals, the Australian equivalent of American rodeos, originated in Northern New South Wales in the 1920s and were well established by the 1930s. Australian rodeo continued to grow following WWII, and by September 1978 riders from the US, Canada, New Zealand and Australia competed in the World Rodeo Titles there for prize money totaling $60,000. In 1982, an Australian Bushmen's Carnival Association team competed in the North American Rodeo Commission's championships in <a href="Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a> finishing sixth overall.

In August 1944 the Australian Bushmen's Carnival Association (ABCA) was formed by the Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales, as a result of the increase in the number of bushmen's carnivals. The purpose of this formation was to standardize regulations and rules, but insufficient support was given and the association was terminated in 1947. The <a href="Australian_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Australian Professional Rodeo Association">Australian Professional Rodeo Association</a> (APRA) was also formed in 1944 and is the national governing body for professional rodeo competition.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Also formed in 1944 was the Australian Rough-Riders Association (ARRA) in South Australia. On 28 March 1946 the Northern (N.S.W.) Bushmen's Carnival Association was founded in <a href="Maitland%2C_New_South_Wales" title="Maitland, New South Wales">Maitland, New South Wales</a> north of <a href="Newcastle%2C_New_South_Wales" title="Newcastle, New South Wales">Newcastle</a>. The two associations are now the Australian Bushmen's Campdraft & Rodeo Association (ABCRA). The ABCRA is the largest rodeo and campdraft organization in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-ABCRA-56">[56]</a> In May 1992 the National Rodeo Council of Australia (NRCA) was formed to further the sport of rodeo and has represented ABCRA and several other associations.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a>

Original events included buckjumping (saddle broncs), bullock riding, <a href="Campdrafting" title="Campdrafting">campdrafting</a>, bulldogging, wild-cow milking, wild bullock races, wild horse races and releasing the surcingle. Other common sporting events such as flag and bending races (similar to <a href="Pole_bending" title="Pole bending">pole bending</a>) were held for the competitors' horses.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw1984-58">[58]</a>

Later the term rodeo became more commonly used, with American saddles used; the events also took on American naming patterns.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1963213-59">[59]</a> The ABCRA now affiliates the sports of campdrafting, roughriding (<a href="Saddle_bronc_and_bareback_riding" class="mw-redirect" title="Saddle bronc and bareback riding">saddle bronc and bareback riding</a>, <a href="Steer_riding" title="Steer riding">steer</a> and <a href="Bull_riding" title="Bull riding">bull riding</a>) and timed rodeo events: <a href="Barrel_racing" title="Barrel racing">barrel races</a> (ladies' and junior), <a href="Calf_roping" title="Calf roping">rope and tie</a>, steer undecorating (ladies'), <a href="Steer_wrestling" title="Steer wrestling">steer wrestling</a>, junior calf riding, <a href="Team_roping" title="Team roping">team roping</a> and <a href="Breakaway_roping" title="Breakaway roping">breakaway roping</a> (ladies').<a href="#cite_note-ABCRA-56">[56]</a> There are strict standards for the selection, care and treatment of rodeo livestock, arenas, plus equipment requirements and specifications.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In 1992 the National Rodeo Queen Quest was founded by the National Rodeo Council of Australia to promote and encourage young women into the sport of rodeo.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a>

The carnivals and rodeos typically take place during the spring and summer, and are usually arranged to avoid date clashes, so that competitors may take part in as many events as possible. The prize money is obtained from donations and entry fees, with the main prize money being for the open campdraft event.

The biggest rodeos are in <a href="Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>. Some large events are also held in New South Wales, where <a href="Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> has a rodeo during the <a href="Royal_Agricultural_Society_of_New_South_Wales" title="Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales">Royal Agricultural Society</a> show and <a href="Walcha%2C_New_South_Wales" title="Walcha, New South Wales">Walcha</a> holds a four-day campdrafting and rodeo competition annually. There also is a <a href="National_Finals_Rodeo_(Australia)" title="National Finals Rodeo (Australia)">National Finals Rodeo</a>.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippines">Philippines</h3></div>

In the Philippines, rodeo was introduced in the island during the <a href="American_colonial_era_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="American colonial era in the Philippines">American colonial era in the Philippines</a> by the then-Acting Governor of the <a href="Department_of_Mindanao_and_Sulu" title="Department of Mindanao and Sulu">Department of Mindanao and Sulu</a> <a href="Teofisto_Guingona_Sr." title="Teofisto Guingona Sr.">Teofisto Guingona Sr.</a> setting up ranches in <a href="Impasugong%2C_Bukidnon" class="mw-redirect" title="Impasugong, Bukidnon">Impasugong, Bukidnon</a> and <a href="Wao%2C_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Wao, Lanao del Sur">Wao, Lanao del Sur</a>. Rodeo is recognized today as the provincial sport of Bukidnon.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Rodeo events have also been held in the province of <a href="Masbate" title="Masbate">Masbate</a>, known for its cattle industry; it was declared the "Rodeo Capital of the Philippines" in 2002 by President <a href="Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a>. The province-wide festival Rodeo Masbateño was first organized in 1993, to promote Masbate's cattle industry and boost its tourism.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Animal_treatment_controversies">Animal treatment controversies</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Animal_treatment_in_rodeo" title="Animal treatment in rodeo">Animal treatment in rodeo</a></div>

Protests were first raised regarding rodeo <a href="Cruelty_to_animals" title="Cruelty to animals">animal cruelty</a> in the 1870s, and, beginning in the 1930s, some states enacted laws curtailing rodeo activities and other events involving animals. In the 1950s, the then Rodeo Cowboys Association (RCA, later the PRCA) worked with the American Humane Association (AHA) to establish regulations protecting the welfare of rodeo animals that were acceptable to both organizations. The PRCA realized that public education regarding rodeo and the welfare of animals was needed to keep the sport alive.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a>

Over the years, conditions for animals in rodeo and many other sporting events improved. Today, the PRCA and other rodeo sanctioning organizations have stringent regulations to ensure rodeo <a href="Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">animals' welfare</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> For example, these rules require, among other things, provisions for injured animals, a veterinarian's presence at all rodeos (a similar requirement exists for other equine events), padded flank straps, horn protection for steers, and <a href="Spur" title="Spur">spurs</a> with dulled, free-spinning rowels. Rodeo competitors in general value and provide excellent care to the animals with which they work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillerLamb2005135–144-67">[67]</a> Animals must also be protected with fleece-lined flank straps for bucking stock and horn wraps for roping steers.<a href="#cite_note-AVMA2000-68">[68]</a>

Laws governing rodeo vary widely. In the American west, some states incorporate the regulations of the PRCA into their statutes as a standard by which to evaluate if animal cruelty has occurred.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> On the other hand, some events and practices are restricted or banned in other states, including California, Rhode Island, and Ohio.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001-70">[70]</a>: 268–269 <a href="St._Petersburg%2C_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a> is the only locality in the United States with a complete ban on rodeo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001-70">[70]</a>: 268–269 Canadian Humane Societies are careful in criticizing Canadian rodeo as the event has become so indigenous to Western Canada that criticism may jeopardize support for the organization's other humane goals. The Calgary Humane Society itself is wary of criticizing the famous <a href="Calgary_Stampede" title="Calgary Stampede">Calgary Stampede</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArmstrongBotzler2003-34">[34]</a> Internationally rodeo itself is banned in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands,<a href="#cite_note-vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca-3">[3]</a> and other European nations have placed restrictions on certain practices.

However, a number of <a href="Humane_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Humane Society">humane</a> and <a href="Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">animal rights</a> organizations have policy statements that oppose many rodeo practices and often the events themselves. Some also claim that regulations vary from vague to ineffective and are frequently violated.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Other groups assert that any regulation still allows rodeo animals to be subjected to gratuitous harm for the sake of entertainment, and therefore rodeos should be banned altogether.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a>

In response to these concerns, a number of cities and states, mostly in the eastern half of the United States, have passed ordinances and laws governing rodeo. <a href="Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a>, for example, specifically prohibits electric prods or shocking devices, wire tie-downs, and sharpened or fixed spurs or rowels. It also previously prohibited flank straps. Pittsburgh also requires humane officers be provided access to any and all areas where animals may go—specifically pens, chutes, and injury pens. However, the ban on rodeo events has been at least partially lifted, since the Professional Bull Riders (PBR) held an event in Pittsburgh in January 2025. A flank strap is used on every <a href="Bucking_bull" title="Bucking bull">bucking bull</a> that performs in the PBR. It is a soft cotton rope tied relatively loosely around the haunches of the bull, used to encourage a genetically pre-disposed bucking bull to kick. A licensed veterinarian is present at all PBR events.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The state of <a href="Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> has banned tie-down roping and certain other practices.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001271–272-76">[76]</a> Other locales have similar ordinances and laws.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Positions_taken_by_animal_welfare_organizations">Positions taken by animal welfare organizations</h3></div>

There are three basic areas of concern to various groups. The first set of concerns surround relatively common rodeo practices, such as the use of bucking straps, also known as flank straps,<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> the use of metal or electric cattle prods,<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> and tail-twisting.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The second set of concerns surround non-traditional rodeo events that operate outside the rules of sanctioning organizations. These are usually <a href="Amateur" title="Amateur">amateur</a> events such as <a href="Mutton_busting" title="Mutton busting">mutton busting</a>, calf dressing,<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <a href="Wild_cow_milking" title="Wild cow milking">wild cow milking</a>, calf riding, chuck wagon races, and other events designed primarily for publicity, half-time entertainment or crowd participation. Finally, some groups consider some or all rodeo events themselves to be cruel.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a>

Groups such as <a href="People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">PETA</a>, and <a href="Showing_Animals_Respect_and_Kindness" class="mw-redirect" title="Showing Animals Respect and Kindness">SHARK</a>,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> and the <a href="Humane_Society_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Humane Society of the United States">Humane Society of the United States</a> generally take a position of opposition to all rodeos and rodeo events.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> A more general position is taken by the <a href="ASPCA" class="mw-redirect" title="ASPCA">ASPCA</a>, only opposing rodeo events that "involve cruel, painful, stressful and potentially harmful treatment of livestock, not only in performance but also in handling, transport and prodding to perform." The group singles out children's rodeo events such as goat tying, calf riding and sheep riding (“<a href="Mutton_busting" title="Mutton busting">mutton busting</a>”), "which do not promote humane care and respect for animals."<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-85">[85]</a>

The <a href="American_Humane_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="American Humane Association">American Humane Association</a> (AHA) does not appear to oppose rodeos per se, though they have a general position on events and contests involving animals, stating that "when animals are involved in entertainment, they must be treated humanely at all times."<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The AHA also has strict requirements for the treatment of animals used for rodeo scenes in movies, starting with the rules of the PRCA and adding additional requirements consistent with the association's other policies.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Unique among animal protection groups, the ASPCA specifically notes that practice sessions are often the location of more severe abuses than competitions.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-85">[85]</a> However, many state animal cruelty laws provide specific exemptions for "training practices." The American Humane Association is the only organization addressing the legislative issue, advocating the strengthening of animal cruelty laws in general, with no exceptions for "training practices."<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_practice">Modern practice</h3></div>

It is a myth that a modern <a href="Bucking_horse" title="Bucking horse">bucking horse</a> is a wild animal. The modern bronc is not a truly <a href="Feral_horse" title="Feral horse">feral horse</a>. Some bucking horses are riding horses that learned to buck off their riders.<a href="#cite_note-AVMA2000-68">[68]</a> Other bucking horses are specifically bred for use in rodeos.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond-89">[89]</a>

A proven bucking horse can be sold for $8000 to $10,000 or more, making rough stock a valuable investment worth caring for and keeping in good health for many years. Likewise, <a href="Bucking_bull" title="Bucking bull">bucking bulls</a> are also <a href="Selective_breeding" title="Selective breeding">selectively bred</a>. Most are allowed to grow up in a natural, semi-wild condition on the open range, but also have to be trained in order to be managed from the ground, safely loaded into trailers, vaccinated and wormed, and be loaded in and out of bucking chutes.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond-89">[89]</a>

Young bucking horses are initially introduced to work with cloth dummies attached to the saddle.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond-89">[89]</a> Others are already well-trained on the ground. Some champion bucking horses got their start as riding horses that learned how to quickly and effectively unseat riders.<a href="#cite_note-Bronc_Riding-90">[90]</a> Due to the rigors of travel and the short bursts of high intensity work required, most horses in a bucking string are at least six or seven years old before they are used extensively, and are expected to be sound performers for many years.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond-89">[89]</a> Awards are given to the owners of the best bucking horses, who are respected as equine athletes and perform for many years.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Many are retired to pasture at the end of their careers.<a href="#cite_note-AVMA2000-68">[68]</a> Many bucking horses understand their job well and reduce or stop their bucking, even while still wearing a flank strap, as soon as they either unseat the rider or hear the buzzer.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_position">Industry position</h3></div>

Modern rodeos in the United States are closely regulated and have responded to accusations of <a href="Animal_cruelty" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty">animal cruelty</a> by instituting a number of rules to guide how rodeo animals are to be managed.<a href="#cite_note-PRCApdf-92">[92]</a> In 1994, a survey of 28 sanctioned rodeos was conducted by on-site independent veterinarians. Reviewing 33,991 animal runs, the injury rate was documented at 16 animals or 0.047 percent, less than five-hundredths of one percent or one in 2000 animals.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> A study of rodeo animals in Australia found a similar injury rate. Basic injuries occurred at a rate of 0.072 percent, or one in 1405, with injuries requiring veterinary attention at 0.036 percent, or one injury in every 2810 times the animal was used, and transport, yarding and competition were all included in the study.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> A later PRCA survey of 60,971 animal performances at 198 rodeo performances and 73 sections of "slack" indicated 27 animals were injured, again approximately five-hundredths of 1

percent—0.0004.<a href="#cite_note-PRCApdf-92">[92]</a>

Nonetheless, accusation of cruelty in the USA persist. The PRCA acknowledges that they only sanction about 30 percent of all rodeos, while another 50 percent are sanctioned by other organizations and 20 percent are completely unsanctioned.<a href="#cite_note-PRCApdf-92">[92]</a> The PRCA opposes the general concept of <a href="Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">animal rights</a>, but supports <a href="Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">animal welfare</a>. The PRCA takes the position that the organization does this and even goes beyond expectation.<a href="#cite_note-Regan:_150-96">[96]</a> Not all rodeos are governed by the PRCA however, though organizations governing collegiate and high school rodeos base their rules on those of the PRCA. Nonetheless, certain amateur and "backyard" rodeos are unregulated,<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> and do not follow PRCA rules.<a href="#cite_note-Regan:_150-96">[96]</a>

Advocates for rodeo say that sick, injured, hungry, or severely abused animals cannot perform well in a given event. Rough stock must be healthy and well fed to give the cowboy a powerful and challenging ride sufficient to obtain a high score. The bucking strap has to be an incentive to an animal that already wants to buck off a rider, not a prod, or the animal will either flee the pain, not buck, quickly sour and refuse to work, regardless of any pain that might be inflicted.<a href="#cite_note-Bronc_Riding-90">[90]</a> Steers and roping calves will not break from the chute fast enough for ropers to achieve a fast time if they are lame or weak, and because of size and weight restrictions for each event, they are not generally used for more than a single season.

Health regulations mandate vaccinations and blood testing of animals crossing state lines, so rodeo stock receives routine care. An injured animal will not buck well and hence a cowboy cannot obtain a high score for his ride, so sick or injured animals are not run through the chutes, but instead are given appropriate veterinary care so they can be returned to their usual level of strength and power.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> PRCA regulations require veterinarians to be available at all rodeos to treat both bucking stock and other animals as needed.<a href="#cite_note-Rules-99">[99]</a>

The PRCA emphasizes that they first promulgated rules for proper and humane treatment of livestock in 1947, a full seven years before the founding of the Humane Society of the United States.<a href="#cite_note-Bronc_Riding-90">[90]</a> Participants are fined for animal abuse, and a study of 21 PRCA rodeos found only 15 animals injured in 26,584 performances, a 0.06 percent rate.<a href="#cite_note-AVMA2001-100">[100]</a>

There are occasions of rule violations and animal mistreatment at sanctioned rodeos. The major national rodeos are also under the most intense scrutiny and are the most likely to rigorously follow the rules. Rodeos not subject to the rules of the PRCA or other organizations, and rodeos outside of the United States and Canada, where animal cruelty laws are weaker, are more likely to be the sites of abusive practices.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2></div>

The largest state-of-the-art rodeos are professional, commercial athletic contests held in climate-controlled stadiums, with broadcasting by various television networks. Outside of the rodeo world itself, there is disagreement about exactly what rodeo is. Professional competitors, for example, view rodeo as a sport and call themselves professional athletes while also using the title of cowboy. Fans view rodeo as a spectator sport with animals, having aspects of pageantry and theater unlike other professional sport. Non-westerners view the spectacle as a quaint but exciting remnant of the <a href="Wild_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild West">Wild West</a> while animal rights activists view rodeo as a cruel <a href="Roman_circus" title="Roman circus">Roman circus</a> spectacle, or an Americanized <a href="Bullfight" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullfight">bullfight</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199817-9">[9]</a>

Anthropologists studying the sport of rodeo and the culture surrounding it have commented that it is "a blend of both performance and contest", and that rodeo is far more expressive in blending both these aspects than attempting to stand alone on one or the other. Rodeo's performance level permits pageantry and ritual which serve to "revitalize the spirit of the Old West" while its contest level poses a man-animal opposition that articulates the transformation of nature and "dramatizes and perpetuates the conflict between the wild and the tame."<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> "On its deepest level, rodeo is essentially a ritual addressing itself to the dilemma of man's place in nature."<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a>

Rodeo is a popular topic in country-western music such as the 1991 <a href="Garth_Brooks" title="Garth Brooks">Garth Brooks</a> hit single "<a href="Rodeo_(Garth_Brooks_song)" title="Rodeo (Garth Brooks song)">Rodeo</a>", and has also been featured in numerous movies, television programs and in literature. <a href="Rodeo_(Copland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodeo (Copland)">Rodeo</a> is a ballet score written by <a href="Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a> in 1942, and choreographer <a href="Agnes_de_Mille" title="Agnes de Mille">Agnes de Mille</a>'s ballet, <a href="Rodeo_(ballet)" title="Rodeo (ballet)">Rodeo</a> was commissioned by the <a href="Ballet_Russe_de_Monte_Carlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo">Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo</a> in 1942 with the Copland score.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen1998175–176-103">[103]</a> Country singer <a href="Chris_Ledoux" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Ledoux">Chris Ledoux</a> from <a href="Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> and Wyoming competed in bareback riding and wrote many songs based on his experiences. Rodeo has also been featured in a significant number of films, and some focus specifically on the sport, such as <a href="My_Heroes_Have_Always_Been_Cowboys_(film)" title="My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys (film)">My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys</a>, <a href="8_Seconds" title="8 Seconds">8 Seconds</a>, <a href="Cowboy_Up" title="Cowboy Up">Cowboy Up</a>, <a href="The_Longest_Ride_(film)" title="The Longest Ride (film)">The Longest Ride</a>, and <a href="The_Rider_(2017_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rider (2017 film)">The Rider</a>.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rodeos_worldwide">Rodeos worldwide</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="List_of_rodeos" title="List of rodeos">List of rodeos</a></div>

There are thousands of rodeos held worldwide each year.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rodeo_organizations">Rodeo organizations</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="All_Indian_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association" title="All Indian Rodeo Cowboys Association">All Indian Rodeo Cowboys Association</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a></li>

<li>American Junior Rodeo Association<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Australian Professional Rodeo Association">Australian Professional Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a></li>

<li>Bill Pickett Invitational Rodeo<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a></li>

<li><a href="Bull_Riders_Only" title="Bull Riders Only">Bull Riders Only</a></li>

<li>Bulls, Bands & Barrels<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></li>

<li><a href="Canadian_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Canadian Professional Rodeo Association">Canadian Professional Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></li>

<li><a href="Championship_Bull_Riding" title="Championship Bull Riding">Championship Bull Riding</a></li>

<li>Confederação Nacional de Rodeio<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a></li>

<li>Cowboys Professional Rodeo Association<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a></li>

<li><a href="Elite_Rodeo_Athletes" title="Elite Rodeo Athletes">Elite Rodeo Athletes</a></li>

<li><a href="Federaci%C3%B3n_Mexicana_de_Rodeo" title="Federación Mexicana de Rodeo">Federación Mexicana de Rodeo</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a></li>

<li>Indian National Finals Rodeo<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Gay_Rodeo_Association" title="International Gay Rodeo Association">International Gay Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="International Professional Rodeo Association">International Professional Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a></li>

<li><a href="Mid-States_Rodeo_Association" title="Mid-States Rodeo Association">Mid-States Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a></li>

<li>National Barrel Horse Association<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a></li>

<li><a href="National_High_School_Rodeo_Association" title="National High School Rodeo Association">National High School Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Intercollegiate_Rodeo_Association" title="National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association">National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Little_Britches_Rodeo_Association" title="National Little Britches Rodeo Association">National Little Britches Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a></li>

<li>National Senior Pro Rodeo Association<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a></li>

<li>New Zealand Rodeo Cowboys Association<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a></li>

<li><a href="Professional_Bull_Riders" title="Professional Bull Riders">Professional Bull Riders</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></li>

<li><a href="Professional_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association" title="Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association">Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a></li>

<li>Pro Rodeo Costa Rica</li>

<li><a href="Southern_Extreme_Bull_Riding_Association" title="Southern Extreme Bull Riding Association">Southern Extreme Bull Riding Association</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a></li>

<li>United Professional Rodeo Association<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a></li>

<li><a href="Women's_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Women's Professional Rodeo Association">Women's Professional Rodeo Association</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></li>

<li><a href="Working_Ranch_Cowboys_Association" title="Working Ranch Cowboys Association">Working Ranch Cowboys Association</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a></li>

<li>World Series of Team Roping<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_sports">Related sports</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Bullfighting" title="Bullfighting">Bullfighting</a></li>

<li><a href="Campdrafting" title="Campdrafting">Campdrafting</a></li>

<li><a href="Charrer%C3%ADa" title="Charrería">Charrería</a></li>

<li><a href="Chilean_rodeo" title="Chilean rodeo">Chilean rodeo</a></li>

<li><a href="Coleo" title="Coleo">Coleo</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_mounted_shooting" title="Cowboy mounted shooting">Cowboy mounted shooting</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_polo" title="Cowboy polo">Cowboy polo</a></li>

<li><a href="Cutting_(sport)" title="Cutting (sport)">Cutting</a></li>

<li><a href="Deporte_de_lazo" title="Deporte de lazo">Deporte de lazo</a></li>

<li><a href="Gymkhana_(equestrian)" title="Gymkhana (equestrian)">Gymkhana</a></li>

<li><a href="Jineteada_gaucha" title="Jineteada gaucha">Jineteada gaucha</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranch_rodeo" title="Ranch rodeo">Ranch rodeo</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranch_sorting" title="Ranch sorting">Ranch sorting</a></li>

<li><a href="Reining" title="Reining">Reining</a></li>

<li><a href="Team_penning" title="Team penning">Team penning</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_dressage" title="Western dressage">Western dressage</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_pleasure" title="Western pleasure">Western pleasure</a></li>

<li><a href="Working_cow_horse" title="Working cow horse">Working cow horse</a></li></ul>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="List_of_equestrian_sports" title="List of equestrian sports">List of equestrian sports</a></div>

<ul><li><a href="Groupie#Sports" title="Groupie">Buckle bunny</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_riding" title="Western riding">Western riding</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation book cs1">The Book of Extraordinary Facts. Lincolnwood, Illinois: Publications International, Ltd. 2012. pp. 56–57. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4508-5395-8</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> General Wyoming Information, web site accessed July 12, 2007 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.netstate.com/states/symb/wy_symb.htm">http://www.netstate.com/states/symb/wy_symb.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191028024336/http://www.netstate.com/states/symb/wy_symb.htm">Archived</a> 2019-10-28 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca_3-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca/campaigns/rodeos/">Rodeo: animal abuse for the sake of entertainment</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170722091951/http://www.vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca/campaigns/rodeos/">Archived</a> 2017-07-22 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Vancouver Humane Society, accessed April 2, 2009.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Webster's Third New International Dictionary

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:0-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/rodeo">"Rodeo Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com"</a>. dictionary.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220328112123/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/rodeo">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-28. Retrieved 2022-07-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=rodeo">"Royal Spanish Academy Online Dictionary: rodeo"</a>. Buscon.rae.es. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120614073440/http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=rodeo">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-06-14. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGuinn2018" class="citation book cs1">Guinn, James Miller (21 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A2g3AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA246">A History of California and an Extended History of Los Angeles and Environs: Also Containing Biographies of Well Known Citizens of the Past and Present</a>. Historic Record Company. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780598508874</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRichardson" class="citation web cs1">Richardson, Eileen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205042033/http://thesantafesite.com/articles-database/Matanza---A-New-Mexico-Celebration.html">"Matanza: A New Mexico Celebration"</a>. The Santa Fe Site. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thesantafesite.com/articles-database/Matanza---A-New-Mexico-Celebration.html">the original</a> on 2016-02-05.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199817-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen199817_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen199817_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen199817_9-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllen1998">Allen 1998</a>, p. 17.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGroves20063-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGroves20063_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGroves20063_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGroves20063_10-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGroves2006">Groves 2006</a>, p. 3.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> "Field and Farm Magazine", Denver Public Library Western History Division

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> "Treasured Memories", Deer Trail Pioneer Historical Society

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Colorado House Joint Resolution No. 1025, 1969

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> "Colorado Rodeo Roots" Kathryn Ordway, 1980

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Pro-rodeo Hall of Fame, Colorado Springs, Colorado

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199818-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen199818_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllen1998">Allen 1998</a>, p. 18.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCoppedge" class="citation web cs1">Coppedge, Clay. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://texasescapes.com/ClayCoppedge/First-Rodeo.htm#:~:text=So%2C%20if%20anybody%20asks%20you%20when%20and%20where,Colorado%2C%20Arizona%2C%20New%20Mexico%20or%20even%20Canadian%2C%20Texas.">"The First Rodeo"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210327052351/http://www.texasescapes.com/ClayCoppedge/First-Rodeo.htm#:~:text=So%2C%20if%20anybody%20asks%20you%20when%20and%20where,Colorado%2C%20Arizona%2C%20New%20Mexico%20or%20even%20Canadian%2C%20Texas.">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199832-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen199832_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllen1998">Allen 1998</a>, p. 32.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <a href="#Johnson">Johnson</a>: 30

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001268–269-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001268–269_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCurnutt2001">Curnutt 2001</a>, pp. 268–269.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBroyles20064-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBroyles20064_21-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBroyles2006">Broyles 2006</a>, p. 4.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Events-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Events_22-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090610033443/http://www.prorodeo.com/animal_welfare.aspx?xu=5">"PRCA event descriptions"</a>. prorodeo.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.com/animal_welfare.aspx?xu=5">the original</a> on 2009-06-10.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrickland1998-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrickland1998_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStrickland1998">Strickland 1998</a>.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <a href="#Stratton">Stratton</a>: 53

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> LeCompte,. "Hispanic Roots of American Rodeo", Studies in Latin American Popular Culture, 13 (Spring 1994): 1-19

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Wooden. and Earinger. Rodeo, in America, 17-32.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen199824–25-27"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen199824–25_27-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllen1998">Allen 1998</a>, pp. 24–25.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-pbrnow.com-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pbrnow.com_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbrnow.com_28-1">b</a> LeCompte. "Rodeo,” in Vol. II of Encyclopedia of World Sport, ed. David Levinson and Karen Christensen, ABC-CLIO, 1996, 813;About Us,"sv <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070222230215/http://www.pbrnow.com/about/PBRInc/">"Professional Bull Riders"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pbrnow.com/about/PBRInc/">the original</a> on 2007-02-22. Retrieved 2007-02-16.</cite>, (accessed February 7, 2007).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnfr.com/">"College National Rodeo Finals"</a>. Cnfr.com. 2011-02-10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140117073352/http://www.cnfr.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-01-17. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> LeCompte, Encyclopedia of World Sport, 813.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> pbr.com

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Raymond-32"><a href="#cite_ref-Raymond_32-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080422025937/http://www.raymond.ca/2ndlevel.php?pg=a07">"History of Raymond"</a>. Welcome to Raymond, Alberta. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.raymond.ca/2ndlevel.php?pg=a07">the original</a> on April 22, 2008. Retrieved April 15, 2009.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSlatta1994">Slatta</a>: 219

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArmstrongBotzler2003-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArmstrongBotzler2003_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArmstrongBotzler2003_34-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFArmstrongBotzler2003">Armstrong & Botzler 2003</a>.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131230235044/http://www.canadianprorodeohalloffame.com/">"Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall Of Fame CPRHF Canada"</a>. Canadianprorodeohalloffame.com. 1980-06-19. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadianprorodeohalloffame.com/">the original</a> on 2013-12-30. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000390-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000390_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000390_36-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000">Kirsch, Harris & Elaine Nolte 2000</a>, p. 390.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128_37-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128_37-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECandelariaGarcíaAldama2004126–128_37-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFCandelariaGarcíaAldama2004">Candelaria, García & Aldama 2004</a>, pp. 126–128.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theculturetrip.com/south-america/brazil/articles/brazils-impact-and-dominance-in-professional-bull-riding/">"Brazil's Impact and Dominance in Professional Bull Riding"</a>. culture trip. 6 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210925230556/https://theculturetrip.com/south-america/brazil/articles/brazils-impact-and-dominance-in-professional-bull-riding/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090103015237/http://www.igra.com/igrahist.html">"IGRA History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.igra.com/igrahist.html">the original</a> on January 3, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-14.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen1998170–173-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen1998170–173_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen1998170–173_40-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllen1998">Allen 1998</a>, pp. 170–173.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elheraldodechihuahua.com.mx/local/chihuahua/chihuahua-sera-sede-del-campeonato-nacional-de-rodeo-2023-en-noviembre-10949709.html">"Chihuahua será sede del Campeonato Nacional de Rodeo 2023 en noviembre"</a>. El Heraldo de Chihuahua. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102193050/http://www.abril.com.br/noticia/diversao/no_236955.shtml">"Conheуa a histзria dos rodeios e a polЖmica em torno do evento"</a>. Abril.com. 2007-06-19. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abril.com.br/noticia/diversao/no_236955.shtml">the original</a> on 2014-01-02. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SC1Z7t1HO-4">"Festa do Peão de Boiadeiro de Barretos"</a>. YouTube. 2006-11-13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140619181019/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SC1Z7t1HO-4">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-06-19. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pbr.com/news/2016/08/pbr-brazil-title-still-up-for-grabs-in-barretos/">"PBR Brazil title still up for grabs in Barretos"</a>. Professional Bull Riders. www.pbr.com. 20 August 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200310162847/https://pbr.com/news/2016/08/pbr-brazil-title-still-up-for-grabs-in-barretos/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-10. Retrieved 2018-02-15.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1998/09/08/the-west-heads-south/">"The West heads South"</a>. Chicago Tribune. 8 September 1998. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSlatta1994">Slatta</a>: 145

</li>

<li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.familia.cl/ContenedorTmp/Rodeo/rodeo.htm">Rodeo chileno: cómo nació nuestro deporte nacional</a> Familia <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120207161949/http://www.familia.cl/ContenedorTmp/Rodeo/rodeo.htm">Archived</a> February 7, 2012, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://201.238.246.21/Rodeo/controlador/controlador/control.jsp?ACCION=general/general&SUBACCION=BreveHistoriaDelRodeoChileno">Historia del rodeo chileno.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928103714/http://201.238.246.21/Rodeo/controlador/controlador/control.jsp?ACCION=general%2Fgeneral&SUBACCION=BreveHistoriaDelRodeoChileno">Archived</a> 2007-09-28 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Página oficial de la Federación del Rodeo Chileno

</li>

<li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJuan_Pablo_Correa." class="citation web cs1">Juan Pablo Correa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emol.com/especiales/rodeo/cuando_nace.htm">"Especiales de"</a>. Emol.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120717003952/http://www.emol.com/especiales/rodeo/cuando_nace.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jaja.cl/?a=9284">"El rodeo y las medialunas"</a>. Jaja.cl. 2009-10-08. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130914125026/http://jaja.cl/?a=9284">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-09-14. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFEn_Cojutepeque_realizan_tarde_de_Jaripeo2019" class="citation web cs1">En Cojutepeque realizan tarde de Jaripeo (19 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historico.elsalvador.com/historico/559496/en-cojutepeque-realizan-tarde-de-jaripeo.html">"En Cojutepeque realizan tarde de Jaripeo"</a>. Retrieved 29 January 2022.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJaripeos_Metapan" class="citation web cs1">Jaripeos Metapan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archivo.elsalvador.com/noticias/EDICIONESANTERIORES/junio29/ESPECTACULOS/espec2.html">"Espectáculos: ¡Gran día de jaripeo!"</a>. Retrieved 29 January 2022.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartin1959-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMartin1959_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMartin1959_53-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMartin1959">Martin 1959</a>.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lighthorse.org.au/Pershist/mcleod.htm">Personal Histories - Boer War & WW1</a> Retrieved 2009-11-22 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091010153451/http://www.lighthorse.org.au/Pershist/mcleod.htm">Archived</a> October 10, 2009, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.asn.au/about.htm">About the APRA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091022180858/http://www.prorodeo.asn.au/about.htm">Archived</a> October 22, 2009, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 2009-11-22

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ABCRA-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABCRA_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABCRA_56-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abcra.com.au/index.cfm?page_id=1003">ABCRA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090929095646/http://www.abcra.com.au/index.cfm?page_id=1003">Archived</a> 2009-09-29 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 2009-11-22

</li>

<li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalrodeocouncil.com.au/">NCRA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091030062839/http://www.nationalrodeocouncil.com.au/">Archived</a> 2009-10-30 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 2009-11-22

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw1984-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw1984_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShaw1984">Shaw 1984</a>.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1963213-59"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1963213_59-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFChisholm1963">Chisholm 1963</a>, p. 213.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.land.vic.gov.au/DPI/nreninf.nsf/childdocs/-89E7A8DAFEA417624A2568B30004C26A-DCF81751F0371063CA256BC700811D1B-8D3FF4AA119099744A256DEA0027A899-5B4B9DFC8A971F72CA256C320020157F?open">Code of practice for the welfare of rodeo and rodeo school livestock</a> Retrieved 2009-11-22 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091011212609/http://www.land.vic.gov.au/DPI/nreninf.nsf/childdocs/-89E7A8DAFEA417624A2568B30004C26A-DCF81751F0371063CA256BC700811D1B-8D3FF4AA119099744A256DEA0027A899-5B4B9DFC8A971F72CA256C320020157F?open">Archived</a> October 11, 2009, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalrodeocouncil.com.au/">NRCA: About us</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091030062839/http://www.nationalrodeocouncil.com.au/">Archived</a> 2009-10-30 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 2009-11-22

</li>

<li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGallardo2019" class="citation news cs1">Gallardo, Froilan (22 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2019/09/impasugong-rodeo-capital-of-mindanao/">"Impasugong: rodeo capital of Mindanao"</a>. MindaNews. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190923140747/https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2019/09/impasugong-rodeo-capital-of-mindanao/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBarcia2017" class="citation news cs1">Barcia, Rhaydz (18 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2017/04/18/news/regions/rodeo-masbateno-showcased-asean-summit/322845/322845/">"Rodeo Masbateño showcased in Asean Summit"</a>. Manila Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190923140739/https://www.manilatimes.net/2017/04/18/news/regions/rodeo-masbateno-showcased-asean-summit/322845/322845/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWestermeier1947">Westermeier</a>: 435ff

</li>

<li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDuncan2004" class="citation book cs1">Duncan, Joyce (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hAifpef8QYoC&pg=PA313">Sport in American Culture: From Ali to X-games</a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 313. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-57607-024-6</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928113301/https://books.google.com/books?id=hAifpef8QYoC&pg=PA313">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2020-09-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.com/animal_welfare.aspx?xu=3">PRCA Animal welfare</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080608030150/http://www.prorodeo.com/animal_welfare.aspx?xu=3">Archived</a> 2008-06-08 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillerLamb2005135–144-67"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillerLamb2005135–144_67-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMillerLamb2005">Miller & Lamb 2005</a>, pp. 135–144.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-AVMA2000-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVMA2000_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVMA2000_68-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVMA2000_68-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFKorioth2000" class="citation journal cs1">Korioth, Tricia (February 1, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120630053351/http://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/feb00/s020100a.asp">"Welfare of equids ever-evolving"</a>. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 216 (3): 319–22. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10755881">10755881</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/feb00/s020100a.asp">the original</a> on June 30, 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.opi.mt.gov/bills/mca/45/8/45-8-211.htm">Section 45-8-211(4)(c), Montana Code Annotated 2008</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090227155232/http://data.opi.mt.gov/bills/mca/45/8/45-8-211.htm">Archived</a> 2009-02-27 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001_70-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFCurnutt2001">Curnutt 2001</a>.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/?P=0000000276">"is a point-by-point examination of the PRCA's regulations"</a>. Sharkonline.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102192237/http://www.sharkonline.org/?P=0000000276">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-01-02. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hsvma.org/rodeos_inherent_cruelty_to_animals">"Rodeos: Inherent Cruelty to Animals"</a>. www.hsvma.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171212031424/http://www.hsvma.org/rodeos_inherent_cruelty_to_animals">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-12. Retrieved 2017-12-11.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKaplan2018" class="citation journal cs1">Kaplan, Jared (21 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/midatlapp1&div=9&g_sent=1&casa_token=YbXn4OgzrX8AAAAA:DfuBJK4SozFyxVmywDTOVWP6rQqjbVnhKXztXntiYBqZni8AsQzEue4B1GjBHT0H_O_9REd3&collection=journals">"Toros, Steers, Ropes, Capes, and Cowboy Boots: The Inhumane Nature of Bullfighting and Rodeos Note"</a>. Mid-Atlantic Journal on Law and Public Policy. 1: 52–95. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123182005/https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals%2Fmidatlapp1&div=9&g_sent=1&casa_token=YbXn4OgzrX8AAAAA%3ADfuBJK4SozFyxVmywDTOVWP6rQqjbVnhKXztXntiYBqZni8AsQzEue4B1GjBHT0H_O_9REd3&collection=journals">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 28 September 2021 – via HeinOnline.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-in-entertainment/cruel-sports/rodeos/">"Rodeos"</a>. peta.org. 24 June 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171211161011/https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-in-entertainment/cruel-sports/rodeos/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wtae.com/article/pittsburgh-bull-riding-ban-return-controversy/62979260">"Bull riding returns to Pittsburgh: Ban lifted, animal treatment controversy continues"</a>. WTAE. Retrieved January 26, 2025.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001271–272-76"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurnutt2001271–272_76-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCurnutt2001">Curnutt 2001</a>, pp. 271–272.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090402070728/http://www.bucktherodeo.com/ords.html">"PETA"</a>. Buck the Rodeo. 2013-10-23. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bucktherodeo.com/ords.html">the original</a> on 2009-04-02. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltyhorsebucking.mv">SHARK - Animal Cruelty Investigations and Campaigns</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130628124319/http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltyhorsebucking.mv">Archived</a> June 28, 2013, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/?P=0000000511">"The Truth about Hot-Shots"</a>. Sharkonline.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131031161640/http://www.sharkonline.org/?P=0000000511">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-10-31. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltytailtwisting.mv">SHARK - Animal Cruelty Investigations and Campaigns</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120514100438/http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltytailtwisting.mv">Archived</a> May 14, 2012, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltycalfdressing.mv">SHARK - Animal Cruelty Investigations and Campaigns</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120908050856/http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltycalfdressing.mv">Archived</a> September 8, 2012, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltycalfroping.mv">Calf roping - The Most Cowardly Rodeo Event</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120908045618/http://www.sharkonline.org/rodeocrueltycalfroping.mv">Archived</a> September 8, 2012, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharkonline.org/">"SHARK"</a>. Sharkonline.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102032707/http://sharkonline.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-01-02. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> "Statement on Animals in Entertainment and Competition - Rodeo" Humane Society of the United States. Web site accessed June 28, 2007 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.hsus.org/about_us/statements/animals_in_entertainment.html#Rodeos">http://www.hsus.org/about_us/statements/animals_in_entertainment.html#Rodeos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090303055913/http://hsus.org/about_us/statements/animals_in_entertainment.html">Archived</a> 2009-03-03 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_85-1">b</a> "Animals in Entertainment: 5.4 Rodeo" web site accessed June 27, 2007 at <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081123072049/http://www.aspca.org/site/PageServer?pagename=pp_en_rodeo">"ASPCA: ASPCA Policies and Positions: Animals in Entertainment, Sport and Work"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aspca.org/site/PageServer?pagename=pp_en_rodeo">the original</a> on 2008-11-23. Retrieved 2011-10-24.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> "Events and Contests Involving Animals," American Humane Association Animal Welfare Position Statements. Web document accessed June 28, 2007 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060929104048/http://www.americanhumane.org/site/DocServer/apsstatements.pdf?docID=101">[1]</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> "American Humane Association Guidelines for the Safe Use of Animals in Filmed Media:Roceo Scenes," web document accessed June 27, 2007 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060929103159/http://www.americanhumane.org/site/DocServer/GuidelinesPDF.pdf?docID=1821">[2]</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> "Legislative Brief: Anti-cruelty Laws" web site accessed June 27, 2007 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030817103231/http://www.americanhumane.org/site/PageServer?pagename=nr_legis_brief_anticruelty">[3]</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Diamond-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Diamond_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Diamond_89-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Diamond_89-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Diamond_89-3">d</a> Partian, Chris. "Diamond in the Rough." Western Horseman, July 2007, pp. 132-140

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Bronc_Riding-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bronc_Riding_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bronc_Riding_90-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bronc_Riding_90-2">c</a> "Is Rodeo Bronc Riding Cruel?" Web article accessed June 28, 2007 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.cowboyway.com/BroncRiding.htm">http://www.cowboyway.com/BroncRiding.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070624004252/http://www.cowboyway.com/BroncRiding.htm">Archived</a> 2007-06-24 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> "Rodeo History" Long Rodeo Company. Web site accessed June 28, 2007 at <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071210065352/http://www.longcompany.com/history.htm">"History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.longcompany.com/history.htm">the original</a> on 2007-12-10. Retrieved 2008-02-05.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-PRCApdf-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PRCApdf_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PRCApdf_92-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PRCApdf_92-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080411122325/http://www.prorodeo.com/pdfs/AnimalWelfare.pdf">"Animal Welfare: The Care and Treatment of Professional Rodeo Livestock. PRCA"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.com/pdfs/AnimalWelfare.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2008-04-11. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-93"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_93-0">^</a> "Is Rodeo Bronc Riding Cruel?" Web article accessed February 5, 2008 at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.cowboyway.com/BroncRiding.htm">http://www.cowboyway.com/BroncRiding.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070624004252/http://www.cowboyway.com/BroncRiding.htm">Archived</a> 2007-06-24 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greeleystampede.org/animal-welfare">Animal Welfare</a> Retrieved on 25 March 2009 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726131518/http://www.greeleystampede.org/animal-welfare">Archived</a> July 26, 2011, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320084011/http://www.prorodeo.asn.au/animals.htm">"Animal Welfare: Animals in Rodeo"</a>. Prorodeo.asn.au. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.asn.au/animals.htm">the original</a> on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Regan:_150-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Regan:_150_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Regan:_150_96-1">b</a> <a href="#Regan">Regan</a>: 150

</li>

<li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarris2007">Harris</a>: 199

</li>

<li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2012-08-01/bovine-athlete">"The bovine athlete"</a>. American Veterinary Medical Association. 18 July 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112025922/https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2012-08-01/bovine-athlete">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-12. Retrieved 19 September 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Rules-99"><a href="#cite_ref-Rules_99-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.com/animal_welfare.aspx?xu=3">PRCA Animal Welfare rules and discussion, web site accessed February 5, 2008</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080608030150/http://www.prorodeo.com/animal_welfare.aspx?xu=3">Archived</a> June 8, 2008, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-AVMA2001-100"><a href="#cite_ref-AVMA2001_100-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/jan01/s011501tt.asp">"Welfare of animals integral part of professional rodeos" Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, January 15, 2001. Web page accessed April 6, 2009</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120524205321/http://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/jan01/s011501tt.asp">Archived</a> May 24, 2012, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLawrence1984">Lawrence</a>: 271

</li>

<li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLawrence1984">Lawrence</a>: 270–271

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllen1998175–176-103"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllen1998175–176_103-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllen1998">Allen 1998</a>, pp. 175–176.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aircarodeo.com">"All Indian Rodeo Cowboys Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ajra.org">"American Junior Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prorodeo.com.au">"Australian Professional Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billpickettrodeo.com">"Bill Pickett Invitational Rodeo"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bullsbandsandbarrels.com">"Bulls, Bands & Barrels"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rodeocanada.com">"Canadian Professional Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cnar.org.br">"Confederação Nacional de Rodeio"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cprarodeo.com">"Cowboys Professional Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://federacionmexicanaderodeo.org">"Federación Mexicana de Rodeo"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infr.org">"Indian National Finals Rodeo"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.igra.com">"International Gay Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipra-rodeo.com">"International Professional Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.midstatesrodeo.com">"Mid-States Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbha.com">"National Barrel Horse Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhsra.org">"National High School Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.collegerodeo.com">"National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlbra.com">"National Little Britches Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalsenior.rodeo">"National Senior Pro Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rodeonz.co.nz">"New Zealand Rodeo Cowboys Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbr.com">"Professional Bull Riders"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.com">"Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gosebra.com">"Southern Extreme Bull Riding Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.urodeo.com">"United Professional Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wpra.com">"Women's Professional Rodeo Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wrca.org">"Working Ranch Cowboys Association"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wstroping.com">"World Series of Team Roping"</a>. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="refbegin" style="">

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAllen1998" class="citation book cs1">Allen, Michael (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rodeocowboysinno00alle">Rodeo Cowboys in the North American Imagination</a>. <a href="Reno%2C_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a>: <a href="University_of_Nevada_Press" title="University of Nevada Press">University of Nevada Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780874173154</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFArmstrongBotzler2003" class="citation book cs1">Armstrong, Susan Jean; Botzler, Richard George (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FkwMQwAACAAJ">The Animal Ethics Reader</a>. <a href="London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780415275880</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160624022235/https://books.google.com/books?id=FkwMQwAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFBroyles2006" class="citation book cs1">Broyles, Janell (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=No6tY5STbBIC">Barrel Racing</a>. <a href="New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>: <a href="The_Rosen_Publishing_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rosen Publishing Group">The Rosen Publishing Group</a>. p. 4. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781404205437</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160504133420/https://books.google.com/books?id=No6tY5STbBIC">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-05-04. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFCandelariaGarcíaAldama2004" class="citation book cs1">Candelaria, Cordelia; García, Peter J.; Aldama, Arturo J. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=STjcB_f7CVcC">Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture</a>. <a href="Westport%2C_CT" class="mw-redirect" title="Westport, CT">Westport, CT</a>: <a href="Greenwood_Publishing_Group" title="Greenwood Publishing Group">Greenwood Publishing Group</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780313332104</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610071151/https://books.google.com/books?id=STjcB_f7CVcC">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1963" class="citation book cs1">Chisholm, Alec H., ed. (1963). "Bushmen's Carnivals". The Australian Encyclopaedia. Vol. 2. <a href="Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>: Halstead Press. p. 213.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFCurnutt2001" class="citation book cs1">Curnutt, Jordan (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2p0MptGeBkC">Animals and the Law: A Sourcebook</a>. <a href="Santa_Barbara%2C_California" title="Santa Barbara, California">Santa Barbara, California</a>: <a href="ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781576071472</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170116173420/https://books.google.com/books?id=p2p0MptGeBkC">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-01-16. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFEvans2001" class="citation book cs1">Evans, James Warren (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gYSqQgAACAAJ">Horses: A Guide to Selection, Care, and Enjoyment</a>. <a href="New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>: <a href="W._H._Freeman_and_Company" title="W. H. Freeman and Company">W. H. Freeman and Company</a>. p. 476. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780716742555</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFGroves2006" class="citation book cs1">Groves, Melody (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ztGsU7ISp50C">Ropes, Reins, and Rawhide: All About Rodeo</a>. <a href="Albuquerque%2C_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a>: <a href="University_of_New_Mexico_Press" title="University of New Mexico Press">University of New Mexico Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780826338228</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160629183732/https://books.google.com/books?id=ztGsU7ISp50C">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFKirschHarrisElaine_Nolte2000" class="citation book cs1">Kirsch, George B.; Harris, Othello; Elaine Nolte, Claire (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xdV_JV1fbZMC&q=rodeo+indians+native+americans&pg=PA390">Rodeo</a>. <a href="Westport%2C_CT" class="mw-redirect" title="Westport, CT">Westport, CT</a>: <a href="Greenwood_Publishing_Group" title="Greenwood Publishing Group">Greenwood Publishing Group</a>. p. 390. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780313299117</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928113307/https://books.google.com/books?id=xdV_JV1fbZMC&q=rodeo+indians+native+americans&pg=PA390">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2020-11-19.</cite> <code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (help)</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFHarris2007" class="citation book cs1">Harris, Moira C. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bbyWAgAACAAJ">Rodeo and Western Riding</a>. <a href="Edison%2C_NJ" class="mw-redirect" title="Edison, NJ">Edison, NJ</a>: Chartwell Books. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780785822011</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160427154800/https://books.google.com/books?id=bbyWAgAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-04-27. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFLawrence1984" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, Elizabeth Atwood (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rodeoanthropolog00lawr">Rodeo: An Anthropologist Looks at the Wild and the Tame</a>. <a href="Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>: <a href="University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780226469553</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFMartin1959" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Desmond (1959). Australia Astride. Sydney: Angus and Robertson. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/155832392">155832392</a>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFMillerLamb2005" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Robert M.; Lamb, Richard A. (2005). Revolution in Horsemanship. Vol. 216. <a href="Guilford%2C_CT" class="mw-redirect" title="Guilford, CT">Guilford, CT</a>: <a href="Lyons_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyons Press">Lyons Press</a>. pp. 1232–3. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781592283873</bdi>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10767957">10767957</a>.</cite> <code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (help)</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFShaw1984" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, John Henry (1984). Roughriding. <a href="Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>: <a href="William_Collins_(publisher)" title="William Collins (publisher)">William Collins</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780002173155</bdi>.</cite> <code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (help)</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFSlatta1994" class="citation book cs1">Slatta, Richard W. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aybuBElBnlgC">Cowboys of the Americas</a>. <a href="New_Haven%2C_CT" class="mw-redirect" title="New Haven, CT">New Haven, CT</a>: <a href="Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780300056716</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160503075814/https://books.google.com/books?id=aybuBElBnlgC">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-05-03. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFStrickland1998" class="citation book cs1">Strickland, Charlene (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/competinginweste0000stri">Competing in Western Shows & Events</a>. <a href="Pownal%2C_VT" class="mw-redirect" title="Pownal, VT">Pownal, VT</a>: Storey Books. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781580170314</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFWestermeier1947" class="citation book cs1">Westermeier, Clifford P. (1947). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xSxgZsh0FhwC">Man, Beast, Dust: The Story of Rodeo</a>. <a href="Lincoln%2C_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a>: <a href="University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780803247437</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610134127/https://books.google.com/books?id=xSxgZsh0FhwC">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</cite> <code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)</li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peta.org/issues/animals-in-entertainment/cruel-sports/rodeos/">"Animals Used for Entertainment: Rodeo"</a>. <a href="People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131207000325/http://www.peta.org/issues/animals-in-entertainment/cruel-sports/rodeos/">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-12-07. Retrieved 2009-04-01.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getgrowingforbusiness.com/mynews/news-headlines-details.asp?news_id=301869">"Liberal Leader Kevin Taft loses legacy bid to have rodeo declared Alberta's official sport"</a>. Get Growing for Business. Retrieved 2009-04-02.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca/campaigns/rodeos/">"Rodeo: Animal Abuse for the Sake of Entertainment"</a>. Vancouver Humane Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170722091951/http://www.vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca/campaigns/rodeos/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-22. Retrieved 2009-04-02.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avma.org/News/JAVMANews/Pages/s011501tt.aspx">"Welfare of animals are integral part of professional rodeos"</a>. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association. American Veterinary Medical Association. 15 January 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112181815/https://www.avma.org/News/JAVMANews/Pages/s011501tt.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2014.</cite></li></ul>

</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .infobox .side-box{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="side-box side-box-right sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rodeo" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Rodeo">Rodeo</a>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalcowboymuseum.org/">National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum - Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbr.com">Professional Bull Riders (PBR) - 'The Toughest Sport on Earth!'</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autrycollections.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=keyword;keyword=rodeo%20photographs">Autry National Center - online rodeo photographs from the Gene Autry Collection</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cowgirl.net/">National Cowgirl Museum & Hall of Fame - Fort Worth, Texas</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prorodeo.com/">Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association - Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trchf.com/">Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame - Walnut Springs, Texas</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.texasrodeohalloffame.com/">Texas Rodeo Hall of Fame - Pecos, Texas</a></li></ul>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rodeo174" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div id="Rodeo174" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Main articles: </li>

<li><a href="History_of_rodeo" title="History of rodeo">History of rodeo</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Australian_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Australian Professional Rodeo Association">Australian Professional Rodeo Association</a></li>

<li><a href="Calgary_Stampede" title="Calgary Stampede">Calgary Stampede</a></li>

<li><a href="Canadian_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Canadian Professional Rodeo Association">Canadian Professional Rodeo Association</a></li>

<li><a href="Cheyenne_Frontier_Days" title="Cheyenne Frontier Days">Cheyenne Frontier Days</a></li>

<li><a href="Miles_City_Bucking_Horse_Sale" title="Miles City Bucking Horse Sale">Miles City Bucking Horse Sale</a></li>

<li><a href="Pendleton_Round-Up" title="Pendleton Round-Up">Pendleton Round-Up</a></li>

<li><a href="Professional_Bull_Riders" title="Professional Bull Riders">Professional Bull Riders</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Professional_Bull_Riders_Champions" title="List of Professional Bull Riders Champions">List of Professional Bull Riders Champions</a></li>

<li><a href="Professional_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association" title="Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association">Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Professional_Rodeo_Cowboys_Association_Champions" title="List of Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association Champions">List of Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association Champions</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_Rodeo_Champions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian Rodeo Champions">List of Canadian Rodeo Champions</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_rodeo_performers" title="Lists of rodeo performers">Lists of rodeo performers</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_rodeos" title="List of rodeos">List of rodeos</a></li>

<li><a href="Women's_Professional_Rodeo_Association" title="Women's Professional Rodeo Association">Women's Professional Rodeo Association</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture and people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cowboy" title="Cowboy">Cowboy</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_church" title="Cowboy church">Cowboy church</a></li>

<li><a href="Country_music" title="Country music">Country music</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_poetry" title="Cowboy poetry">Cowboy poetry</a></li>

<li><a href="Pickup_rider" title="Pickup rider">Pickup rider</a></li>

<li><a href="Stock_contractor" title="Stock contractor">Stock contractor</a></li>

<li><a href="Vaquero" title="Vaquero">Vaquero</a></li>

<li>Women in rodeo</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="All-Around" title="All-Around">All-Around</a></li>

<li><a href="Barrel_racing" title="Barrel racing">Barrel racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Bronc_riding" title="Bronc riding">Bareback and saddle bronc riding</a></li>

<li><a href="Breakaway_roping" title="Breakaway roping">Breakaway roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Bull_riding" title="Bull riding">Bull riding</a></li>

<li><a href="Calf_roping" title="Calf roping">Calf roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Chuckwagon_racing" title="Chuckwagon racing">Chuckwagon racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Chute_dogging" title="Chute dogging">Chute dogging</a></li>

<li><a href="Rodeo_clown" title="Rodeo clown">Rodeo clown</a></li>

<li><a href="Dally_ribbon_roping" title="Dally ribbon roping">Dally ribbon roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Flag_racing" title="Flag racing">Flag racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Goat_tying" title="Goat tying">Goat tying</a></li>

<li><a href="Miniature_bull_riding" title="Miniature bull riding">Miniature bull riding</a></li>

<li><a href="Mutton_busting" title="Mutton busting">Mutton busting</a></li>

<li><a href="Pole_bending" title="Pole bending">Pole bending</a></li>

<li><a href="Steer_riding" title="Steer riding">Steer riding</a></li>

<li><a href="Steer_roping" title="Steer roping">Steer roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Steer_wrestling" title="Steer wrestling">Steer wrestling</a></li>

<li><a href="Team_roping" title="Team roping">Team roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Trail_course" title="Trail course">Trail course</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Livestock</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="American_Bucking_Bull" title="American Bucking Bull">American Bucking Bull</a></li>

<li><a href="Bucking_bull" title="Bucking bull">Bucking bull</a></li>

<li><a href="Bucking_horse" title="Bucking horse">Bucking horse</a></li>

<li><a href="Corriente" title="Corriente">Corriente</a></li>

<li><a href="Stock_horse" title="Stock horse">Stock horse</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clothing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bandanna" class="mw-redirect" title="Bandanna">Bandanna</a></li>

<li><a href="Chaps" title="Chaps">Chaps</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_boot" title="Cowboy boot">Cowboy boot</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_hat" title="Cowboy hat">Cowboy hat</a></li>

<li><a href="Jeans" title="Jeans">Jeans</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_shirt" class="mw-redirect" title="Western shirt">Western shirt</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_wear" title="Western wear">Western wear</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bridle" title="Bridle">Bridle</a></li>

<li><a href="Flank_strap" class="mw-redirect" title="Flank strap">Flank strap</a></li>

<li><a href="Lasso" title="Lasso">Lasso</a></li>

<li><a href="Mechanical_bull" title="Mechanical bull">Mechanical bull</a></li>

<li><a href="Straw_man_(dummy)" title="Straw man (dummy)">Straw man (dummy)</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_saddle" title="Western saddle">Western saddle</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acoso_y_derribo" title="Acoso y derribo">Acoso y derribo</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_rodeo" title="Australian rodeo">Australian rodeo</a></li>

<li><a href="Charreada" class="mw-redirect" title="Charreada">Charreada</a></li>

<li><a href="Chilean_rodeo" title="Chilean rodeo">Chilean rodeo</a></li>

<li><a href="Coleo" title="Coleo">Coleo</a></li>

<li><a href="Deporte_de_lazo" title="Deporte de lazo">Deporte de lazo</a></li>

<li><a href="Jineteada_gaucha" title="Jineteada gaucha">Jineteada gaucha</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliated events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Hog-dog_rodeo" title="Hog-dog rodeo">Hog-dog rodeo</a></li>

<li><a href="Miss_Rodeo_America" title="Miss Rodeo America">Miss Rodeo America</a></li>

<li><a href="Miss_Rodeo_USA" title="Miss Rodeo USA">Miss Rodeo USA</a></li>

<li><a href="Rattlesnake_round-up" title="Rattlesnake round-up">Rattlesnake round-up</a></li>

<li><a href="Rodeo_queen" title="Rodeo queen">Rodeo queen</a></li>

<li><a href="Trick_riding" title="Trick riding">Trick riding</a></li>

<li><a href="Trick_roping" title="Trick roping">Trick roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Whipcracking" title="Whipcracking">Whipcracking</a></li>

<li><a href="Wild_cow_milking" title="Wild cow milking">Wild cow milking</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Halls of Fame</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Australian_Stockman's_Hall_of_Fame" title="Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame">Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame</a></li>

<li><a href="Cheyenne_Frontier_Days_Old_West_Museum" title="Cheyenne Frontier Days Old West Museum">Cheyenne Frontier Days Old West Museum</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Cowgirl_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame">National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Cowboy_%26_Western_Heritage_Museum" title="National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum">National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum</a></li>

<li><a href="Bull_Riding_Hall_of_Fame" title="Bull Riding Hall of Fame">Bull Riding Hall of Fame</a></li>

<li><a href="Professional_Bull_Riders%3A_Heroes_and_Legends" title="Professional Bull Riders: Heroes and Legends">Professional Bull Riders: Heroes and Legends</a></li>

<li><a href="ProRodeo_Hall_of_Fame" title="ProRodeo Hall of Fame">ProRodeo Hall of Fame</a></li>

<li><a href="Rodeo_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodeo Hall of Fame">Rodeo Hall of Fame</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_ProRodeo_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of ProRodeo Hall of Fame inductees">List of ProRodeo Hall of Fame inductees</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_Pro_Rodeo_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame inductees">List of Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame inductees</a></li>

<li><a href="Texas_Rodeo_Cowboy_Hall_of_Fame" title="Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame">Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Equestrian_sports464" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Equestrian_sports464" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_equestrian_sports" title="List of equestrian sports">Equestrian sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Main articles: <a href="Equestrianism" title="Equestrianism">Equestrianism</a></li>

<li><a href="Equitation" title="Equitation">Equitation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="International_Federation_for_Equestrian_Sports" title="International Federation for Equestrian Sports">FEI</a> disciplines, <a href="Equestrian_at_the_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian at the Summer Olympics">Olympic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dressage" title="Dressage">Dressage</a></li>

<li><a href="Eventing" title="Eventing">Eventing</a></li>

<li><a href="Show_jumping" title="Show jumping">Show jumping</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">FEI disciplines, non-Olympic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Combined_driving" title="Combined driving">Combined driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Endurance_riding" title="Endurance riding">Endurance</a></li>

<li><a href="Horseball" title="Horseball">Horseball</a></li>

<li><a href="Reining" title="Reining">Reining</a></li>

<li><a href="Tent_pegging" title="Tent pegging">Tent pegging</a></li>

<li><a href="Equestrian_vaulting" title="Equestrian vaulting">Vaulting</a></li>

<li><a href="Para-equestrian" title="Para-equestrian">Para-equestrian</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">Horse racing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Flat_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat racing">Flat racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Harness_racing" title="Harness racing">Harness racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Palio" title="Palio">Palio</a></li>

<li><a href="Point_to_point_(steeplechase)" class="mw-redirect" title="Point to point (steeplechase)">Point-to-point</a></li>

<li><a href="Jockey" title="Jockey">Jockey</a>

<li><a href="Steeplechase_(horse_racing)" title="Steeplechase (horse racing)">Steeplechase</a></li>

<li><a href="Thoroughbred_horse_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoroughbred horse racing">Thoroughbred horse racing</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_films_about_horse_racing" title="List of films about horse racing">Films about horse racing</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_horse_racing_venues" title="List of horse racing venues">List of horse racing venues</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_horse_racing_venues_by_capacity" title="List of horse racing venues by capacity">by capacity</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Team sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Buzkashi" title="Buzkashi">Buzkashi</a></li>

<li><a href="Cowboy_polo" title="Cowboy polo">Cowboy polo</a></li>

<li><a href="Equestrian_drill_team" title="Equestrian drill team">Equestrian drill team</a></li>

<li><a href="Escaramuza_charra" title="Escaramuza charra">Escaramuza charra</a></li>

<li><a href="Fantasia_(performance)" title="Fantasia (performance)">Fantasia</a></li>

<li><a href="Jereed" title="Jereed">Jereed</a> (cirit)</li>

<li><a href="Polocrosse" title="Polocrosse">Polocrosse</a></li>

<li><a href="Team_chasing" title="Team chasing">Team chasing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games with horses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Barrel_racing" title="Barrel racing">Barrel racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Carrera_de_cintas" title="Carrera de cintas">Carrera de cintas</a></li>

<li><a href="Corrida_de_sortija" title="Corrida de sortija">Corrida de sortija</a></li>

<li><a href="Dzhigitovka" class="mw-redirect" title="Dzhigitovka">Dzhigitovka</a></li>

<li><a href="Equine_agility" title="Equine agility">Equine agility</a></li>

<li><a href="Er_Enish" title="Er Enish">Er Enish</a></li>

<li><a href="Gymkhana_(equestrian)" title="Gymkhana (equestrian)">Gymkhana</a></li>

<li><a href="Keyhole_race" title="Keyhole race">Keyhole race</a></li>

<li><a href="Pole_bending" title="Pole bending">Pole bending</a></li>

<li><a href="Potato_race" title="Potato race">Potato race</a></li>

<li><a href="Sinjska_alka" title="Sinjska alka">Sinjska alka</a></li>

<li><a href="Skijoring" title="Skijoring">Skijoring</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Driving_(horse)" title="Driving (horse)">Driving</a> sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ban'ei" title="Ban'ei">Ban'ei racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Carriage_driving" title="Carriage driving">Carriage driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Chuckwagon_racing" title="Chuckwagon racing">Chuckwagon racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Draft_horse_showing" title="Draft horse showing">Draft horse showing</a></li>

<li><a href="Fine_harness" title="Fine harness">Fine harness</a></li>

<li><a href="Horse_pulling" title="Horse pulling">Horse pulling</a></li>

<li><a href="Pleasure_driving" title="Pleasure driving">Pleasure driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Roadster_(horse)" title="Roadster (horse)">Roadster</a></li>

<li><a href="Scurry_driving" class="mw-redirect" title="Scurry driving">Scurry driving</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Working stock sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acoso_y_derribo" title="Acoso y derribo">Acoso y derribo</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_rodeo" title="Australian rodeo">Australian rodeo</a></li>

<li><a href="Breakaway_roping" title="Breakaway roping">Breakaway roping</a></li>

<li><a href="Bronc_riding" title="Bronc riding">Bronc riding</a></li>